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PEG-modified halloysite as a hydrophilic interaction and cation exchange mixed-mode sorbent for solid-phase extraction of biogenic amines in fish samples

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Abstract

A novel type of PEG-modified halloysite was prepared and used as a hydrophilic interaction and cation exchange mixed-mode sorbent for solid-phase extraction of biogenic amines in fish samples. The eluates were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection after the derivatization with benzoyl chloride. The developed sorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, zeta potential analyzer, and thermo-gravimetric analysis. After the optimization of various parameters influencing the extraction efficiency, the PEG-modified halloysite-based SPE method was evaluated. The adsorption capacities of putrescine, spermine, phenethylamine, and histamine were as high as 9.3, 8.5, 5.7, and 5.6 mg g−1, respectively. Satisfactory reproducibility of sorbent preparation was obtained with within-batch and batch-to-batch relative standard deviations (RSDs) lower than 3.9% and 8.6%, respectively. The biogenic amine spiking recoveries in fish samples ranged from 84.3 to 105.5% with good RSDs lower than 7.8%. Intra-day and inter-day precision, expressed as RSDs, were better than 8.8%. The limits of detection of histamine, putrescine, phenethylamine, and spermine were 9.4, 1.9, 0.5, and 0.9 μg L−1, respectively. This work provides a new hydrophilic interaction and cation exchange mixed-mode sorbent and is successfully applied to the extraction of trace biogenic amines from fish samples.

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Funding

This work was financially supported by the Ningbo Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 202003N4168) and the Zhejiang Province Public Welfare Technology Application Research Project (grant number LGC19B050004).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, 315211, People’s Republic of China

    Tingting Wang

  2. Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, 315201, People’s Republic of China

    Tingting Wang

  3. Ningbo Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Ningbo, 315012, People’s Republic of China

    Yihui Chen

  4. Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA

    Chunyan Hou

  5. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, People’s Republic of China

    Xiaoqiang Qiao

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Correspondence to Tingting Wang.

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Published in the topical collection Young Investigators in (Bio-)Analytical Chemistry 2023 with guest editors Zhi-Yuan Gu, Beatriz Jurado-Sánchez, Thomas H. Linz, Leandro Wang Hantao, Nongnoot Wongkaew, and Peng Wu.

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Wang, T., Chen, Y., Hou, C. et al. PEG-modified halloysite as a hydrophilic interaction and cation exchange mixed-mode sorbent for solid-phase extraction of biogenic amines in fish samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 415, 4265–4275 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-022-04441-5

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