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Cu3(PO4)2/BiVO4 photoelectrochemical sensor for sensitive and selective determination of synthetic antioxidant propyl gallate

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Abstract

Propyl gallate (PG) as one of the most important additives has been widely used to prevent or slow the oxidation of foods in the food industry. In this work, Cu3(PO4)2/BiVO4 composite is synthesized through two hydrothermal processes. With visible light irradiation, the Cu3(PO4)2/BiVO4 composites modified PEC platform displays a superior anode photocurrent signal. The PEC sensor showed a wide linear range from 1 × 10−10 to 1 × 10−3 mol L−1 with a detection limit as low as 0.05 × 10−10 mol L−1. The Cu3(PO4)2/BiVO4 photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor is designed and characterized by electrochemical impedance. Compared with GCE/BiVO4 and GCE/Cu3(PO4)2, the GCE/Cu3(PO4)2/BiVO4 has a higher photocurrent response. In addition, the sensor is highly selective for samples containing other antioxidants. Furthermore, the sensor can be used to detect PG in edible oil samples with satisfactory results. The recoveries of propyl gallate in edible oil ranged from 95.5 to 101.8%. The results show that Cu3(PO4)2/BiVO4 composites can be used to analyze PG in different edible oil samples, which are beneficial for food quality monitoring and reduce the risk of PG overuse in food.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21904116), Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Provincial (Y22B057794), and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M692863).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China

    Cui Ye, Songmin Xu & Zhen Wu

  2. School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310000, China

    Minqiang Wang

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  1. Cui Ye
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  2. Songmin Xu
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  3. Zhen Wu
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  4. Minqiang Wang
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Correspondence to Cui Ye or Minqiang Wang.

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Ye, C., Xu, S., Wu, Z. et al. Cu3(PO4)2/BiVO4 photoelectrochemical sensor for sensitive and selective determination of synthetic antioxidant propyl gallate. Anal Bioanal Chem 414, 4139–4147 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-022-04065-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-022-04065-9

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