Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Enzymeless determination of total sugar by luminol–tetrachloroaurate chemiluminescence on chip to analyze food samples

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Chemiluminescence (CL) emission from luminol–tetrachloroaurate ([AuCl4]−) system studied in presence of monosaccharide sugars such as glucose and fructose was investigated on a microfluidic chip fabricated by the soft lithography technique. CL emission from the luminol–[AuCl4]− system at 430 nm was intensified remarkably by the catalytic activity of glucose and fructose at room temperature. Under optimized conditions, the CL emission intensity of the system was found to be linearly related to the concentration of the sugars. Based on this observation, nonenzymatic determination of total sugar (glucose, fructose, or hydrolyzable sucrose) was performed in a rapid and sensitive analytical method. The results revealed that the linearity ranged from 9 to 1,750 μM for glucose and 80 to 1,750 μM for fructose, with a limit of detection of 0.65 and 0.69 μM, respectively. The relative standard deviations determined at 250 μM based on six repetitive injections were 1.13 and 1.15 % for glucose and fructose, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied for determination of the total sugar concentration in food and beverages.

Schematic diagram and plausible chemical reaction scheme of microfluidic chip based enzymless determination of total sugar concentration. (a) CL emission for reaction between luminol and [AuCl4]- in absence of sugar; (b) Enhanced CL emission when reaction mixture of reducing sugar and [AuCl4]- merge with the luminol stream in the chip. SP-1, SP-2, and SP-3 represent the syringe pumps that deliver H2O/Sugar sample, [AuCl4]- and luminol solution, respectively, to the chip. M first mixing zone; D mixing and detection zone, W waste out

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Jimenez AM, Navas MJ (2002) Chemiluminescence methods (present and future). Grasas y Aceites 53:64–75

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Imdadullah FT, Kumamaru T (1991) Chemiluminescence from the reaction of chloroauric acid with luminol in reverse micelles. Anal Chem 63:2348–2352

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Maquieira A, Luque de Castro MD, Valcarcel M (1987) Determination of reducing sugars in wine by flow injection analysis. Analyst 112:1569–1572

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Glinsmann WH, Irausquin H, Park YK (1986) Evaluation of health aspects of sugars contained in carbohydrate sweeteners. Report of sugar task force. J Nutr 116:S1–S216

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Li M, Lee SH, Bae ZU, Lee KP, Park YC, Lee MS (2004) Optical sensor for the determination of glucose based on KIO4 chemiluminescence detection. J Fluoresc 14:597–601

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Miskiewicz SJ, Arnett BB, Simon GE (1973) Evaluation of a glucose oxidase-peroxidase method adapted to the single-channel autoanalyzer and SMA 12/60. Clin Chem 19:253–257

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Wu M, Lin Z, Dürkop A, Wolfbeis OS (2004) Time-resolved enzymatic determination of glucose using a fluorescent europium probe for hydrogen peroxide. Anal Bioanal Chem 380:619–626

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Weigela B, Hitzmanna B, Kretzmera G, Schügerl K, Huwigb A, Giffhorn F (1996) Analysis of various sugars by means of immobilized enzyme coupled flow injection analysis. J Biotechnol 50:93–106

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Koerner CA, Nieman TA (1986) Chemiluminescence flow injection analysis determination of sucrose using enzymatic conversion and a microporous membrane flow cell. Anal Chem 58:116–119

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Park S, Boo H, Chunga TD (2006) Electrochemical non-enzymatic glucose sensors. Anal Chim Acta 556:46–57

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Pérez-Ruiz T, Martínez-Lozano C, Tomás V, Fenoll J (2003) Chemiluminescence determination of glucose, fructose and their mixture by the stopped-flow mixing technique. Microchim Acta 141:73–78

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Li B, He Y (2007) Simultaneous determination of glucose, fructose and lactose in food samples using a continuous-flow chemiluminescence method with the aid of artificial neural networks. Luminescence 22:317–325

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. García M, Escarpa A (2011) Disposable electrochemical detectors based on nickel nanowires for carbohydrate sensing. Biosens Bioelectron 26:2527–2533

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. García M, Escarpa A (2012) A class-selective and reliable electrochemical monosaccharide index in honeys, as determined using nickel and nickel-copper nanowires. Anal Bioanal Chem 402:945–953

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Dou YH, Bao N, Xu JJ, Meng F, Chen HY (2004) Separation of proteins on surface-modified poly(dimethylsiloxane) microfluidic devices. Electrophoresis 25:3024–3031

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Davidson CA, Lowe CR (2004) Optimisation of polymeric surface pre-treatment to prevent bacterial biofilm formation for use in microfluidics. J Mol Recognit 17:180–185

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Wang X, Hofmann O, Das R, Barrett EM, de Mello AJ, de Mello JC, Bradley DDC (2006) Integrated thin-film polymer/fullerene photodetectors for on-chip microfluidic chemiluminescence detection. Lab Chip 7:58–63

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Tsukagoshi K, Jinno N, Nakajima R (2005) Development of a micro total analysis system incorporating chemiluminescence detection and application to detection of cancer markers. Anal Chem 77:1684–1688

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Hashimoto M, Tsukagoshi K, Nakajima R, Kondo K, Arai A (2000) Microchip capillary electrophoresis using on-line chemiluminescence detection. J Chromatogr A 867:271–279

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Arora A, Eijkel JCT, Morf WE, Manz A (2001) A wireless electrochemiluminescence detector applied to direct and indirect detection for electrophoresis on a microfabricated glass device. Anal Chem 73:3282–3288

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Karim MM, Lee SH, Lee HK, Bae ZU, Choi KH (2006) A batch chemiluminescence determination of enoxacin using a Tris-(1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II)–cerium(IV) system. J Fluoresc 16:533–540

    Google Scholar 

  22. Ojeda CB, Rojas FS (2006) Recent development in optical chemical sensors coupling with flow injection analysis. Sensors 6:1245–1307

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Sia SK, Whitesides GM (2003) Microfluidic devices fabricated in poly(dimethylsiloxane) for biological studies. Electrophoresis 24:3563–3576

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Tan HY, Loke WK, Tan YT, Nguyen NT (2008) A lab-on-a-chip for detection of nerve agent sarin in blood. Lab Chip 8:885–891

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Tan X, Song Z, Chen D, Wang Z (2011) Study on the chemiluminescence behavior of bovine serum albumin with luminol and its analytical application. Spectrochim Acta Part A 79:232–235

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Cui H, Wang W, Duan C-F, Dong Y-P, Guo J-Z (2007) Synthesis, characterization, and electrochemiluminescence of luminol- reduced gold nanoparticles and their application in a hydrogen peroxide sensor. Chem Eur J 13:6975–6984

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Gole A, Kumar A, Phadtare S, Mandale AB, Sastry M (2001) Glucose induced in-situ reduction of chloroaurate ions entrapped in a fatty amine film: formation of gold nanoparticle–lipid composites. PhysChemComm 4:92–95

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Li Y, Yang P, Wang P, Wang L (2007) Development of a novel luminol chemiluminescent method catalyzed by gold nanoparticles for determination of estrogens. Anal Bioanal Chem 387:585–592

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Palazzoa G, Facchinia L, Mallardi A (2012) Colorimetric detection of sugars based on gold nanoparticle formation. Sens Actuators B 161:366–371

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Panigrahi S, Kundu S, Ghosh SK, Nath S, Pal T (2005) Sugar assisted evolution of mono- and bimetallic nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A 264:133–138

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Kimling J, Maier M, Okenve B, Kotaidis V, Ballot H, Plech A (2006) Turkevich method for gold nanoparticle synthesis revisited. J Phys Chem B 110:15700–15707

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by Kyungpook National University Research Fund, 2011

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, South Korea

    Al-Mahmnur Alam, Mohammad Kamruzzaman & Sang Hak Lee

  2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, South Korea

    Trung-Dung Dang

  3. Research Institute of Advanced Energy Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, South Korea

    Young Ho Kim

  4. School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, South Korea

    Gyu-Man Kim

Authors
  1. Al-Mahmnur Alam
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mohammad Kamruzzaman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Trung-Dung Dang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Sang Hak Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Young Ho Kim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Gyu-Man Kim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sang Hak Lee.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

ESM 1

(PDF 3.60 MB)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Alam, AM., Kamruzzaman, M., Dang, TD. et al. Enzymeless determination of total sugar by luminol–tetrachloroaurate chemiluminescence on chip to analyze food samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 404, 3165–3173 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-012-6429-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-012-6429-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation