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Rapid detection and quantification of 35 benzodiazepines in urine by GC-TOF-MS

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Abstract

A rapid and sensitive method for the screening and quantification of 35 benzodiazepines in human urine by gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry was developed and validated. Target analytes were isolated from 1 ml urine by solid-phase extraction using Oasis MCX extraction columns (extraction recovery between 35 and 99 %). With a supported liquid–liquid extraction method, a new modification of conventional liquid–liquid-extraction, a less time intensive alternative for benzodiazepine extraction is presented. The sample pretreatment entails the derivatization of the benzodiazepines with N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide plus 1 % trimethylchlorosilane. Separation of all benzodiazepines was done within 9.5 min, and detection was based on full mass spectra for each analyte. A deconvolution algorithm was used for unresolved chromatographic peaks to identify coeluted substances. The subsequent quantification was done using significant masses. The limit of quantification is 10 ng/ml for most of the compounds. Linearity is in the range between 10 and 350 ng/ml. Reproducibility was observed with coefficients of variation below 2 % at concentrations of 50 and 200 ng/ml. The accuracy is between 88 and 108 % depending on the respective analyte and the concentration.

Chromatogram of an urinary calibrator (200 ng/ml) after extraction with Oasis MCX cartridges and derivatization containing all 35 benzodiazepines plus the internal standard (ISTD) oxazepam-d 5 (100 ng/ml). TMS trimethylsilane

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Nonnenwald 2, 82377, Penzberg, Germany

    Kathrin Arnhard, Rupert Schmid, Uwe Kobold & Roland Thiele

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  1. Kathrin Arnhard
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  2. Rupert Schmid
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  3. Uwe Kobold
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  4. Roland Thiele
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Kathrin Arnhard or Roland Thiele.

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Arnhard, K., Schmid, R., Kobold, U. et al. Rapid detection and quantification of 35 benzodiazepines in urine by GC-TOF-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 403, 755–768 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-012-5877-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-012-5877-y

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