Abstract
Ice chromatography, in which water-ice particles are employed as a chromatographic stationary phase, has proven an efficient technique for probing the solution/ice interface. The preparation of fine ice particles has allowed us to not only obtain higher-resolution separation but also investigate the molecular processes occurring on the ice surface in more detail. Chromatographic investigations have revealed that two or more hydrogen bonds are simultaneously formed between a solute and the dangling bonds on the ice surface when the solute gives measurable retention. Several compounds, including estrogens, amino acids, and acyclic polyethers, have been successfully separated by ice chromatography with a hexane-based mobile phase. In addition, this method effectively probes the surface melting of the ice stationary phase and the liquid phase that coexists with water ice at thermodynamic equilibrium. The thickness of the surface liquid layer and the size of the liquid phase that grows inside an ice particle have been evaluated. The perspectives of this method are also discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Dorsey JG, Dill KA (1989) Chem Rev 89:331–346
Okada T (1990) Macromolecules 23:4216–4219
Okada T, Sugaya Y (2001) Anal Chem 73:3051–3058
Shibukawa M, Takazawa Y, Saitoh K (2007) Anal Chem 79:6279–6286
Kang SH, Shortreed MR, Yeung ES (2001) Anal Chem 73:1091–1099
Petrenko VF, Whitworth RW (2006) Physics of ice. Oxford University Press, Oxford
Wierzbicki A, Knight CA, Salter EA, Henderson CN, Madura JD (2008) Cryst Growth Des 8:3420–3429
Nada H, Furukawa Y (2008) J Phys Chem B 112:7111–7119
Nutt DR, Smith JC (2008) J Am Chem Soc 130:13066–13073
Nobekawa T, Hagiwara Y (2008) Mol Simulation 34:591–610
Sadtchenko V, Ewing GE (2002) J Chem Phys 116:4686–4697
Ikeda-Fukazawa T, Kawamura K (2004) J Chem Phys 120:1395–1401
Kahan TF, Reid JP, Donaldson DJ (2007) J Phys Chem A 111:11006–11012
Okada T (2008) Chromatography 29:1–6
Tasaki Y, Okada T (2008) Bunseki Kagaku 57:921–935
Tasaki Y, Okada T (2006) Anal Chem 78:4155–4160
Tasaki Y, Okada T (2008) J Chromatogr A 1189:72–76
Tasaki Y, Okada T (2009) Anal Chem 81:890–897
Tasaki Y, Okada T (2008) J Phys Chem C 112:2618–2623
Tasaki Y, Okada T (2009) Anal Sci 25:177–181
Supatashvili GD, Kartvelistvili VG (1986) Bull Georgian Acad Sci 12:38–43
Supatashvili GD, Kaviladze MSh, Barnov BA (1987) Bull Acad Sci Georgian SSR 125:329–332
Supatashvili GD (1981) Geochemistry 11:1734–1741
Dasgupta PK, Mo Y (1997) Anal Chem 69:4079–4081
Sugiya K, Harada M, Okada T (2009) Lab Chip 9:1037–1039
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Okada, T., Tasaki, Y. Ice chromatography: current progress and future developments. Anal Bioanal Chem 396, 221–227 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-009-3050-z
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-009-3050-z