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Combined use of total metal content and size fractionation of metal biomolecules to determine the provenance of pine nuts (Pinus pinea)

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Abstract

Four essential elements (Mn, Ni, Zn, and Cu) and their molecular-size distribution patterns have been determined, for twenty four samples of pine nuts from eight areas in Spain and Portugal (Huelva, Cádiz, Badajoz, Cataluña, Castilla, Madrid, Faro, and Coimbra), by size-exclusion liquid chromatography (SEC) coupled on-line to UV and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric (ICP–MS) detection. The variability observed in total element content and the size-exclusion profiles of elements in samples from distant areas were considered as chemical descriptors for characterization of geographic origin. A pattern-recognition technique, the display method principal component analysis, was used as visualization technique to determine the provenance of the pine nuts collected. The results obtained confirmed that size fractionation profiles give more information for assessing the provenance of pine nuts than the total elements composition traditionally used for this purpose. Combination of these chemical descriptors was the most suitable choice for the samples studied.

This paper shows the application of an analytical approach based on total elements concentrations and the relative abundance of metal-biomolecules, estimated by the size-exclusion fractions, as chemical descriptors to determine the provenance of pine nuts. Principal component analysis (PCA) has been used as a visualization technique.

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Acknowledgements

We express our gratitude to the Frutos Secos Puig, S.A. cooperative for supplying pine nut (P. pinea) samples of authentic origin. This work is supported by Consejería de Inovación Ciencia y Empresa (Junta de Andalucía), Grant no. FQM 348. Ana Arias-Borrego thanks Consejería de Innovación Ciencia y Empresa (Junta de Andalucía) for a pre-doctoral scholarship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Química y Ciencias de los Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Huelva, Campus de El Carmen, 21007, Huelva, Spain

    J. L. Gómez-Ariza, A. Arias-Borrego & T. García-Barrera

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  1. J. L. Gómez-Ariza
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  2. A. Arias-Borrego
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  3. T. García-Barrera
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Correspondence to J. L. Gómez-Ariza.

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Gómez-Ariza, J.L., Arias-Borrego, A. & García-Barrera, T. Combined use of total metal content and size fractionation of metal biomolecules to determine the provenance of pine nuts (Pinus pinea). Anal Bioanal Chem 388, 1295–1302 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-007-1331-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-007-1331-y

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