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Comparison of different extraction techniques for the determination of chlorinated pesticides in animal feed

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Abstract

The performances of Soxhlet extraction, dive-in Soxhlet extraction, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), fluidized-bed extraction (FBE), and ultrasonic extraction (UE) for the analysis of organochlorine pesticides in animal feed have been investigated. ASE and MAE provided significantly better extraction efficiency than Soxhlet extraction. The concentrations were 126.7 and 114.8%, respectively, of the values obtained by classical Soxhlet extraction, whereas the results from FBE and dive-in Soxhlet were comparable with those from the standard Soxhlet procedure. The reproducibility of FBE was the best, with RSDs ranging from 0.3 to 3.9%. Under the investigated operation conditions UE was not efficient, with the recoveries of target compounds being about 50% less than Soxhlet. Additionally, the performances of Soxhlet, dive-in Soxhlet, MAE, ASE and FBE were validated by determination of the certified reference material BCR-115. The results from the extraction techniques were in good agreement with the certified values.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Dionex Corp. (Austria) for kindly providing the Accelerated Solvent Extractor ASE100, Anton Paar Physica (Graz, Austria) for providing the microwave sample preparation system Multiwave 3000, and IKA-Labortechnik for kindly leaving the fexIKA variocontrol Fluidized Bed Extraction system. Shuo Chen is grateful to the Austrian Exchange Service (Oead) for the scholarship from Nord-Süd-Dialog-Stipendienprogramm.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graz University of Technology, Institute for Analytical Chemistry, Micro- and Radiochemistry, Technikerstr. 4, 8010, Graz, Austria

    Marion Gfrerer, Shuo Chen & Ernst P. Lankmayr

  2. Dalian University of Technology, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Linggong Road 2, 116024, Dalian, P.R. China

    Shuo Chen, Xie Quan & Fenglin Yang

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  1. Marion Gfrerer
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  2. Shuo Chen
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  3. Ernst P. Lankmayr
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  4. Xie Quan
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Correspondence to Marion Gfrerer.

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Gfrerer, M., Chen, S., Lankmayr, E.P. et al. Comparison of different extraction techniques for the determination of chlorinated pesticides in animal feed. Anal Bioanal Chem 378, 1861–1867 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-004-2492-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-004-2492-6

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