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Nano-hesperetin attenuates ketamine-induced schizophrenia-like symptoms in mice: participation of antioxidant parameters

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Abstract

Rationale

Antioxidant natural herb hesperetin (Hst) offers powerful medicinal properties. Despite having noticeable antioxidant properties, it has limited absorption, which is a major pharmacological obstacle.

Objectives

The goal of the current investigation was to determine if Hst and nano-Hst might protect mice against oxidative stress and schizophrenia (SCZ)-like behaviors brought on by ketamine (KET).

Methods

Seven treatment groups (n=7) were created for the animals. For 10 days, they received distilled water or KET (10 mg/kg) intraperitoneally (i.p). From the 11th to the 40th day, they received daily oral administration of Hst and nano-Hst (10, 20 mg/kg) or vehicle. With the use of the forced swimming test (FST), open field test (OFT), and novel object recognition test (NORT), SCZ-like behaviors were evaluated. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione levels and antioxidant enzyme activities were assessed in the cerebral cortex.

Results

Our findings displayed that behavioral disorders induced by KET would be improved by nano-Hst treated. MDA levels were much lower after treatment with nano-Hst, and brain antioxidant levels and activities were noticeably higher. The mice treated with nano-Hst had improved outcomes in the behavioral and biochemical tests when compared to the Hst group.

Conclusions

Our study’s findings showed that nano-Hst had a stronger neuroprotective impact than Hst. In cerebral cortex tissues, nano-Hst treatment dramatically reduced KET-induced (SCZ)-like behavior and oxidative stress indicators. As a result, nano-Hst may have more therapeutic potential and may be effective in treating behavioral impairments and oxidative damage brought on by KET.

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Acknowledgements

University of Mazandaran support for the routine reagents and permission to animal holding for this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran

    Akbar Hajizadeh Moghaddam, Maryam Parhizgar, Sedigheh khanjani jelodar & Ali Eslami

  2. Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran

    Reza Sayrafi

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  1. Akbar Hajizadeh Moghaddam
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Correspondence to Akbar Hajizadeh Moghaddam.

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Moghaddam, A.H., Parhizgar, M., jelodar, S.k. et al. Nano-hesperetin attenuates ketamine-induced schizophrenia-like symptoms in mice: participation of antioxidant parameters. Psychopharmacology 240, 1063–1074 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-023-06344-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-023-06344-4

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