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Reduction in the latency of action of antidepressants by 17 β-estradiol in the forced swimming test

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Abstract

Rationale

Antidepressants (ADs) are slow to produce their therapeutic effect. This long latency promotes the development of new strategies to short their onset of action. Previous reports indicated that 17β-estradiol (E2) promotes the antidepressant-like activity of fluoxetine (FLX) and desipramine (DMI) in the forced swimming test (FST).

Objective

The aim of the present work was to analyze if E2 reduces the antidepressant-like onset of action of venlafaxine (VLX), FLX, and DMI.

Materials and methods

Independent groups of ovariectomized female Wistar rats were tested in the FST and in the open field after chronic (1 to 14 days) treatment with VLX (20 mg/kg/day), FLX (1.25 mg/kg/day), or DMI (1.25 mg/kg/day) alone or in combination with a single injection of E2 (2.5 μg/rat sc, 8 h before FST).

Results

VLX, FLX, or DMI by themselves at these doses did not induce changes in the FST at short intervals after their injection (from 1 to 7 days). The addition of E2 promoted the antidepressant-like effect of VLX and DMI as early as day 1. Such action was also evident after 3, for FLX, and 14 days for both FLX and DMI, but not for VLX. The behavioral actions of these ADs combined with E2 were not accompanied by increases in general activity in the open-field test.

Conclusion

E2 clearly reduced the latency to the onset of action for these ADs in the FST. These results represent an interesting therapeutic strategy for the treatment of depression in perimenopausal women.

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Acknowledgements

The current study has been carried out with financial support from CONACyT. EE-C thanks Eder Gómez and Sergio Márquez for animal care and technical assistance. Authors thank Dr. Bryan Phillips for language checking. All experimental procedures were performed in accordance with the Mexican official norm for animal care and handling (NOM-062-ZOO-1999) and approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of the CINVESTAV-IPN and National Institute of Psychiatry ‘Ramón de la Fuente’. The current study has been carried out with financial support from CONACyT (to A.F.-G., F1 61187).

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  1. Farmacología Conductual Dirección de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría “Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz”, México, City, Mexico

    E. Estrada-Camarena & N. M. Vega Rivera

  2. Dirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría “Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz”, México City, Mexico

    C. Berlanga

  3. Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Calzada de los Tenorios 235, Col Granjas Coapa, Tlalpan, México City, Mexico

    N. M. Vega Rivera & A. Fernández-Guasti

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  1. E. Estrada-Camarena
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  4. A. Fernández-Guasti
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Correspondence to A. Fernández-Guasti.

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Estrada-Camarena, E., Vega Rivera, N.M., Berlanga, C. et al. Reduction in the latency of action of antidepressants by 17 β-estradiol in the forced swimming test. Psychopharmacology 201, 351–360 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-008-1291-8

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