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Unwinding circular RNA’s role in inflammatory pulmonary diseases

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Abstract

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as pivotal regulators of gene expression and cellular processes in various physiological and pathological conditions. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in investigating the role of circRNAs in inflammatory lung diseases, owing to their potential to modulate inflammation-associated pathways and contribute to disease pathogenesis. Inflammatory lung diseases, like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and COVID-19, pose significant global health challenges. The dysregulation of inflammatory responses demonstrates a pivotal function in advancing these diseases. CircRNAs have been identified as important players in regulating inflammation by functioning as miRNA sponges, engaging with RNA-binding proteins, and participating in intricate ceRNA networks. These interactions enable circRNAs to regulate the manifestation of key inflammatory genes and signaling pathways. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests that specific circRNAs are differentially expressed in response to inflammatory stimuli and exhibit distinct patterns in various lung diseases. Their involvement in immune cell activation, cytokine production, and tissue remodeling processes underscores their possible capabilities as therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers. Harnessing the knowledge of circRNA-mediated regulation in inflammatory lung diseases could lead to the development of innovative strategies for disease management and intervention. This review summarizes the current understanding of the role of circRNAs in inflammatory lung diseases, focusing on their regulatory mechanisms and functional implications.

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Funding

KD is supported by a project grant from the Rebecca L Cooper Medical Research Foundation and the Maridulu Budyari Gumal Sydney Partnership for Health, Education, Research and Enterprise (SPHERE) RSEOH CAG Seed grant, fellowship, and extension grant, Uttaranchal University grant, and the Faculty of Health MCR/ECR Mentorship Support Grant.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura 302017, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India

    Asif Ahmad Bhat & Riya Thapa

  2. Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India

    Gaurav Gupta

  3. Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281406, India

    Ahsas Goyal

  4. Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

    Waleed Hassan Almalki

  5. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia

    Imran Kazmi

  6. Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia

    Sami I. Alzarea

  7. School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, 248007, India

    Neelima Kukreti

  8. School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia

    Mahendran Sekar

  9. College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, 130, Muscat, Oman

    Dhanalekshmi Unnikrishnan Meenakshi

  10. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India

    Sachin Kumar Singh

  11. Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia

    Sachin Kumar Singh & Kamal Dua

  12. Research and Development, Aerogen Limited, IDA Business Park, Galway, Connacht, H91 HE94, Ireland

    Ronan MacLoughlin

  13. School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Leinster, D02 YN77, Ireland

    Ronan MacLoughlin

  14. School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Leinster, D02 PN40, Ireland

    Ronan MacLoughlin

  15. Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia

    Kamal Dua

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Contributions

Asif Ahmad Bhat, Gaurav Gupta, Ahsas Goyal, Riya Thapa, and Waleed Hassan almalki wrote the main manuscript text. Imran Kazmi, Sami I. Alzarea, Neelima Kukreti, Mahendran Sekar and Dhanalekshmi Unnikrishnan Meenakshi wrote the main manuscript text and prepared figures. Sachin Kumar Singh, Ronan MacLoughlin and Kamal Dua edited the manuscript. All authors reviewed the manuscript. The authors confirm that no paper mill or artificial intelligence was used.

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Correspondence to Gaurav Gupta or Kamal Dua.

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Bhat, A.A., Gupta, G., Goyal, A. et al. Unwinding circular RNA’s role in inflammatory pulmonary diseases. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 397, 2567–2588 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-023-02809-7

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