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Phytochemical studies of white mulberry fruits (Morus alba L.)

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Abstract

Medicinal preparations made from plant materials have been widely used for many years due to their high pharmacological efficacy and safety of use. Therefore, a study of white mulberry fruits (Morus alba L.) for the content of substances is very important for the pharmaceutical industry such as flavonoids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, minerals, vitamins, and amino acids. White mulberry has a wide distribution area around the world, including in Kazakhstan, especially in the southern regions of the country (Almaty, Zhambyl, and Turkestan regions). The composition of the fruits of this plant is significantly influenced by the area where the trees grow, and therefore, the establishment of a specific composition of biologically active substances is very important. In the course of this study, such methods as gas chromatography were used—mass spectrometry of an extract obtained using carbon dioxide under subcritical conditions, atomic absorption, gravimetric, and spectrophotometric methods. As a result, for the first time in Kazakhstan, the composition of white mulberry fruits (Morus alba L.), namely, biologically active substances, has been identified, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, vitamins, macro- and microelements, and amino acids and fatty acids; in addition, the percentage composition of the above compounds has been determined. The results of the study show a comparative analysis of the component composition of white mulberry fruits (Morus alba L.) in various areas of tree growth, including outside of Kazakhstan. The obtained data testify to the great possibilities of using this raw material in medicine, pharmacology, and the food industry.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Funding

The study was supported by the Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University intra-university grant “Development of a conceptual design for the production of a product for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes based on the fruits of Morus Alba L.” approved by the Order of the Rector dated June 18, 2021, No. 312 “On the allocation of an intra-university grant for conducting scientific research in the field of medicine and healthcare.”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Organization and Management and Economics of Pharmacy and Clinical Pharmacy, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, 94 Tole Bi Str., 050000, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan

    Nurdaulet Zhumabayev, Kairat Zhakipbekov & Ubaidilla Datkhayev

  2. Department of Organization and Management of Pharmaceutical Business, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, 160019, 1 Al-Farabi Sq., Shymkent, Republic of Kazakhstan

    Narbek Zhumabayev

  3. LLP “Zhanga Shipa”, 17/1 Dysenbai Altynbekov Str., 160700, Shymkent, Republic of Kazakhstan

    Saken Tulemissov

Authors
  1. Nurdaulet Zhumabayev
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  2. Kairat Zhakipbekov
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  3. Narbek Zhumabayev
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  4. Ubaidilla Datkhayev
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  5. Saken Tulemissov
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Contributions

N. Zh.: creating the idea of research, writing the methods, and writing the part of discussion. K. Zh.: performing the analysis and statistics and writing the methods. N. ZH: sharing in manuscript writing and data presentation. U.D.: performing the practical part of the experiment. S. T.: writing the results. The authors declare that all data were generated in-house and that no paper mill was used.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kairat Zhakipbekov.

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Ethics approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Consent to participate

All the authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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All persons involved in the study gave their oral consent for publication.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Highlights

1. Medicinal preparations made from plant materials have been widely used for many years due to their high pharmacological efficacy and safety of use.

2. The significance of this work is confirmed by numerous studies in this field using various extraction methods, designed to determine the specific composition of biologically active substances contained in fruits (Morus alba L.) and the most rational method for extracting them.

3. It was possible to obtain the component composition of white mulberry fruits (Morus alba L.), growing on the territory of Kazakhstan.

4. At the same time, for the first time in Kazakhstan, phytochemical analysis of white mulberry fruits (Morus alba L.) was produced using CO2-extraction.

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Zhumabayev, N., Zhakipbekov, K., Zhumabayev, N. et al. Phytochemical studies of white mulberry fruits (Morus alba L.). Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 397, 807–815 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-023-02634-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-023-02634-y

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