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The targets of β-sitosterol as a novel therapeutic against cardio-renal complications in acute renal ischemia/reperfusion damage

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Abstract

This research is the first to use β-sitosterol on myocardial and renal tissues in renal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) damage. Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: control (sham), renal IR (50 min ischemia – 3 h reperfusion), and renal IR + 150 mg/kg/p.o. β-sitosterol (the rats were treated with β-sitosterol orally once 1 h before the IR procedure). β-Sitosterol pretreatment caused an increase in superoxide dismutase and glutathione activities and a decrease in malondialdehyde levels in the kidney and heart. Moreover, it alleviated histopathological changes and downregulated the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 and upregulated the levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. As conclusion, the potential of β-sitosterol for renal and cardiac necrosis and apoptosis appears to act by limiting inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Thus, the potential of this compound is noteworthy and may serve as a potential therapeutic in the treatment of acute organ damages due to renal IR.

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Author contribution statement

All the experiments were carried out by using the infrastructure of the Biology Department of Ataturk University and East Anatolia Research and Application Center (DAYTAM) with the contribution of the authors. Authors declared that the research and the experiments were done by the participation of the researchers in the manuscript.

KK and FG constructed the hypothesis and designed the study. They planned the methodology to reach the conclusion and interpreted the data and finally wrote the paper. OC and AK organized and supervised the histopathological assessments. FA, AY, and KK carried out the oxidative stress and inflammation assays. OC, KK, FG, FA, and AY drafted and revised the work. OC, ZK, FA, AY, and HA performed the experiments and contributed to the data acquisition and data management processes. All authors discussed the results, contributed to the final manuscript, and approved the manuscript. All authors provided critical feedback for the revision of the manuscript. They also reviewed the article before resubmission not only for spelling and grammar but also for its intellectual content.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey

    Kubra Koc, Fatime Geyikoglu, Ozge Cakmak, Aynur Koca, Ferhunde Aysin & Asli Yilmaz

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey

    Zerrin Kutlu

  3. East Anatolian High Technology Research and Application Center (DAYTAM), Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey

    Ferhunde Aysin & Asli Yilmaz

  4. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey

    Hakan Aşkın

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  1. Kubra Koc
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  2. Fatime Geyikoglu
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Correspondence to Ozge Cakmak.

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Experiments were performed according to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals published by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH publication No. 85-23, revised 1996). All experimental procedures were approved by the Atatürk University Local Ethics Committee for Animal Experiments (No. 194, 04.11.2019).

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Koc, K., Geyikoglu, F., Cakmak, O. et al. The targets of β-sitosterol as a novel therapeutic against cardio-renal complications in acute renal ischemia/reperfusion damage. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 394, 469–479 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-020-01984-1

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