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Gum arabic reduces inflammation, oxidative, and nitrosative stress in the gastrointestinal tract of mice with chronic kidney disease

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology volume 393, pages 1427–1436 (2020)Cite this article

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate some biochemical indices of inflammation and oxidative and nitrosative stresses in the gastrointestinal tract of mice with experimental chronic kidney disease (CKD) and treated with gum arabic (GA). Male CD1 mice (n = 28) were randomly distributed into four groups and treated for four consecutive weeks: group 1: Control: received the same diet without treatment until the end of the study; group 2: Adenine: switched to a powder diet containing adenine (0.2% w/w in feed); group 3: Gum acacia (GA): given normal feed and GA in drinking water at a concentration of 15% w/v; and group 4: Adenine + GA: given adenine in the feed as in the second group plus GA in the drinking water at concentration of 15% w/v. CKD was induced to mice by adenine feeding and concomitantly treated with the prebiotic dietary fiber gum acacia, GA (15% in drinking water). Duodenal mucosa from CKD mice had significantly higher concentrations of TNF-alfa, IL- 6, and TGF-beta-1 and lipid peroxidation. Moreover, low concentrations of IL-10, some antioxidants (catalase, glutathione reductase, total antioxidant capacity, and superoxide dismutase), and nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 were found in the duodenum. The levels of nitrosative stress (nitrite, nitrate, and total nitrate) were significantly increased by CKD, as well as the concentrations of ammonia and urea creatinine in the cecal content. Concomitant GA treatment significantly mitigated these harmful effects. Taken together, GA reduces inflammation and duodenal oxidative and nitrosative stress in the gastrointestinal tract of mice with CKD.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the staff of SQU Animal Facility for looking after the animals.

Funding

This work was supported financially by an internal grant (SQU). DAR is a researcher on Productivity at CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico), level 1C.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman

    Badreldin H. Ali, Mohammed Al Za’abi, Yousuf Al Suleimani & Priyadarsini Manoj

  2. Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman

    Haytham Ali

  3. Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo – UNIFESP, Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Zip code, Santos, SP, 11015-020, Brazil

    Daniel A. Ribeiro

  4. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates

    Abderrahim Nemmar

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  1. Badreldin H. Ali
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  2. Mohammed Al Za’abi
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  3. Yousuf Al Suleimani
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Contributions

Research project conception: BHA, MAZ, YAS, PM, and HA. Experimental design: BHA and MAZ. Data interpretation: all authors. Writing the paper: all authors.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Daniel A. Ribeiro.

Ethics declarations

Ethical approval for conducting the work was obtained from Sultan Qaboos University (SQU) Animal Ethics Committee, on 12.12.2017, code # (SQU/AEC/2017-15). All procedures involving animals and their care were carried out in accordance with international laws and policies (EEC Council directives 2010/63/EU, September 22, 2010 and NIH Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals).

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

This study was approved by Animal Ethics Committee from Sultan Qaboos University (SQU) Animal Ethics Committee, on 12.12.2017, code # (SQU/AEC/2017-15).

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Ali, B.H., Al Za’abi, M., Al Suleimani, Y. et al. Gum arabic reduces inflammation, oxidative, and nitrosative stress in the gastrointestinal tract of mice with chronic kidney disease. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 393, 1427–1436 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-020-01844-y

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