Skip to main content
Log in

A classification of terminal quartic 3-folds and applications to rationality questions

  • Published:
Mathematische Annalen Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper studies the birational geometry of terminal Gorenstein Fano 3-folds. If Y is not \({\mathbb{Q}}\) -factorial, in most cases, it is possible to describe explicitly the divisor class group Cl Y by running a Minimal Model Program on X, a small \({\mathbb{Q}}\) -factorialization of Y. In this case, the generators of Cl Y/ Pic Y are “topological traces” of K-negative extremal contractions on X. One can show, as an application of these methods, that a number of families of non-factorial terminal Gorenstein Fano 3-folds are rational. In particular, I give some examples of rational quartic hypersurfaces \({Y_4 \subset \mathbb{P}^4}\) with rk Cl Y = 2 and show that when rk Cl Y ≥ 6, Y is always rational.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Alekseev, V.A.: On conditions for the rationality of three-folds with a pencil of del Pezzo surfaces of degree 4. Mat. Zametki 41(5), 724–730, 766 (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Beauville A.: Variétés de Prym et jacobiennes intermédiaires. Ann. Sci. École Norm. Sup. (4) 10(3), 309–391 (1977)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Brown, G., Corti, A., Zucconi, F.: Birational geometry of 3-fold Mori fibre spaces. In: The Fano Conference, pp. 235–275. Univ. Torino, Turin (2004)

  4. Cheltsov I.: Nonrational nodal quartic threefolds. Pac. J. Math. 226(1), 65–81 (2006)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Cheltsov I.: Nonrational del Pezzo fibrations. Adv. Geom. 8(3), 441–450 (2008)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Cheltsov, I., Grinenko, M.: Birational rigidity is not an open property. (2006) ArXiv:math.AG/0612159

  7. Clemens C.H., Griffiths P.A.: The intermediate Jacobian of the cubic threefold. Ann. Math. 95(2), 281–356 (1972)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Colliot-Thélène, J.L.: Arithmétique des variétés rationnelles et problèmes birationnels. In: Proceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, vols. 1, 2 (Berkeley, Calif., 1986), pp. 641–653. Amer. Math. Soc., Providence (1987)

  9. Corti A.: Factoring birational maps of threefolds after Sarkisov. J. Algebraic Geom. 4(2), 223–254 (1995)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Corti A.: Del Pezzo surfaces over Dedekind schemes. Ann. Math. (2) 144(3), 641–683 (1996)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Corti, A.: Singularities of linear systems and 3-fold birational geometry. In: Explicit Birational Geometry of 3-Folds. London Math. Soc. Lecture Note Ser., vol. 281, pp. 259–312. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2000)

  12. Corti A., Mella M.: Birational geometry of terminal quartic 3-folds. I. Am. J. Math. 126(4), 739–761 (2004)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Corti, A., Pukhlikov, A., Reid, M.: Fano 3-fold hypersurfaces. In: Explicit Birational Geometry of 3-Folds. London Math. Soc. Lecture Note Ser., vol. 281, pp. 175–258. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2000)

  14. Cutkosky S.: Elementary contractions of Gorenstein threefolds. Math. Ann. 280(3), 521–525 (1988)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  15. de Fernex T., Hacon C.D.: Deformations of canonical pairs and Fano varieties. J. Reine Angew. Math. 651, 97–126 (2011)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. Fujita, T.: Classification theories of polarized varieties. In: London Mathematical Society Lecture Note Series, vol. 155. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1990)

  17. Iskovskih, V.A.: Fano threefolds. I. Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Ser. Mat. 41(3), 516–562, 717 (1977)

  18. Iskovskih V.A.: Fano threefolds. II. Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Ser. Mat. 42(3), 506–549 (1978)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  19. Iskovskih V.A., Manin J.I.: Three-dimensional quartics and counterexamples to the L üroth problem. Mat. Sb. (N.S.) 86(128), 140–166 (1971)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  20. Iskovskikh, V.A., Prokhorov, Y.G.: Fano varieties. In: Algebraic Geometry, V. Encyclopaedia Math. Sci., vol. 47, pp. 1–247. Springer, Berlin (1999)

  21. Iskovskikh V.A., Pukhlikov A.V.: Birational automorphisms of multidimensional algebraic manifolds. Algebraic geometry, 1. J. Math. Sci. 82(4), 3528–3613 (1996)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  22. Kaloghiros A.S.: The defect of Fano 3-folds. J. Algebraic Geom. 20(1), 127–149 (2011)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Kaloghiros, A.S.: The topology of terminal quartic 3-folds. PhD thesis. ArXiv:0707.1852 (2007)

  24. Kawakita M.: Divisorial contractions in dimension three which contract divisors to smooth points. Invent. Math. 145(1), 105–119 (2001)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  25. Kawakita M.: Divisorial contractions in dimension three which contract divisors to compound A 1 points. Compositio Math. 133(1), 95–116 (2002)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  26. Kawakita M.: General elephants of three-fold divisorial contractions. J. Am. Math. Soc. 16(2), 331–362 (2003)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  27. Kawamata Y.: Crepant blowing-up of 3-dimensional canonical singularities and its application to degenerations of surfaces. Ann. Math. (2) 127(1), 93–163 (1988)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  28. Kollár J.: Flops. Nagoya Math. J. 113, 15–36 (1989)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  29. Kollár, J.: Rational curves on algebraic varieties. Ergebnisse der Mathematik und ihrer Grenzgebiete. 3. Folge. A Series of Modern Surveys in Mathematics [Results in Mathematics and Related Areas. 3rd Series. A Series of Modern Surveys in Mathematics], vol. 32. Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1996)

  30. Kollár J., Miyaoka Y., Mori S.: Rationally connected varieties. J. Algebraic Geom. 1(3), 429–448 (1992)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  31. Kollár J., Mori S.: Classification of three-dimensional flips. J. Am. Math. Soc. 5(3), 533–703 (1992)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  32. Kollár, J., Smith, K.E., Corti, A.: Rational and nearly rational varieties. In: Cambridge Studies in Advanced Mathematics, vol. 92. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2004)

  33. Mella M.: Birational geometry of quartic 3-folds. II. The importance of being \({\mathbb{Q}}\) -factorial. Math. Ann. 330(1), 107–126 (2004)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  34. Mori S.: Threefolds whose canonical bundles are not numerically effective. Ann. Math. (2) 116(1), 133–176 (1982)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  35. Mori S.: On degrees and genera of curves on smooth quartic surfaces in \({\mathbb{P}^3}\) . Nagoya Math. J. 96, 127–132 (1984)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  36. Mori S., Mukai S.: Classification of Fano 3-folds with B 2 ≥ 2. Manuscr. Math. 36(2), 147–162 (1981)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  37. Mori, S., Mukai, S.: The uniruledness of the moduli space of curves of genus 11. In: Algebraic Geometry (Tokyo/Kyoto, 1982). Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol. 1016, pp. 334–353. Springer, Berlin (1983)

  38. Mori, S., Mukai, S.: Erratum: “Classification of Fano 3-folds with B 2 ≥ 2”. [Manuscr. Math. 36(2), 147–162 (1981); MR0641971 (83f:14032).] Manuscr. Math. 110(3), 407 (2003)

  39. Namikawa Y.: Smoothing Fano 3-folds. J. Algebraic Geom. 6(2), 307–324 (1997)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  40. Namikawa Y., Steenbrink J.H.M.: Global smoothing of Calabi-Yau threefolds. Invent. Math. 122(2), 403–419 (1995)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  41. Prokhorov, Y.G.: A remark on Fano threefolds with canonical Gorenstein singularities. In: The Fano Conference, pp. 647–657. University of Torino, Turin (2004)

  42. Pukhlikov A.V.: Birationally rigid varieties. I. Fano varieties. Uspekhi Mat. Nauk. 62(5(377)), 15–106 (2007)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  43. Reid, M.: Lines on fano 3-folds according to Shokurov. Stockholm Institute Mittag-Lefler. Preprint (1980)

  44. Sarkisov, V.G.: On conic bundle structures. Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Ser. Mat. 46(2), 371–408, 432 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  45. Segre B.: The Non-Singular Cubic Surfaces. Oxford University Press, Oxford (1942)

    Google Scholar 

  46. Shin K.H.: 3-dimensional Fano varieties with canonical singularities. Tokyo J. Math. 12(2), 375–385 (1989)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  47. Shokurov V.V.: Prym varieties: theory and applications. Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Ser. Mat. 47(4), 785–855 (1983)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  48. Shramov K.A.: On the rationality of nonsingular threefolds with a pencil of del Pezzo surfaces of degree 4. Mat. Sb. 197(1), 133–144 (2006)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  49. Šokurov, V.V.: The existence of a line on Fano varieties. Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Ser. Mat. 43(4), 922–964, 968 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  50. Swinnerton-Dyer H.P.F.: The birationality of cubic surfaces over a given field. Mich. Math. J. 17, 289–295 (1970)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  51. Takagi, H.: On classification of \({\mathbb{Q}}\) -Fano 3-folds of Gorenstein index 2. I, II. Nagoya Math. J. 167, 117–155, 157–216 (2002)

  52. Takeuchi K.: Some birational maps of Fano 3-folds. Compos. Math. 71(3), 265–283 (1989)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  53. Vologodsky V.: On birational morphisms between pencils of del Pezzo surfaces. Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 129(8), 2227–2234 (2001)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anne-Sophie Kaloghiros.

Additional information

A.-S. Kaloghiros was supported by Trinity Hall, Cambridge, and by the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute, Berkeley.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kaloghiros, AS. A classification of terminal quartic 3-folds and applications to rationality questions. Math. Ann. 354, 263–296 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00208-011-0658-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00208-011-0658-z

Keywords

Navigation