Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMP) are promising novel antibiotics but exhibit low stability and can be toxic. The AMP encapsulation can be used to protect the drug and control its release rates. The Lr-AMP1f encapsulated into chitosan nanoparticle (NP) by ionic gelation method reached 90% efficiency. The results indicated that the hydrodynamic particle size of NPs increased from 196.1 ± 3.14 nm (free NP) to 228.1 ± 12.22 nm (nanoencapsulated Lr-AMP1f), while the atomic force microscope showed the spherical shape. The Zeta potential of the nanoencapsulated Lr-AMP1f was high (+ 35 mV). These AMP-loaded NPs exhibited stability for up to 21 days of storage. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of free Lr-AMP1f was 8 µg/mL for E. coli and S. epidermidis. However, the nanoencapsulated Lr-AMP1f produced a bacteriostatic effect against both bacteria at 8 µg/mL. The MIC of nanoencapsulated Lr-AMP1f was 16 µg/mL for E. coli and 32 for S. epidermidis. Nanoencapsulated Lr-AMP1f was nontoxic to HEK293 cells. Promisingly, chitosan NP can be used as a vehicle for the antibacterial application of new AMP (Lr-AMP1f).
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The research was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES)—Finance Code 001; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Rede de Mineira de Pesquisa e Inovação para Bioengenharia de Nanossistemas (RM PI-BEM), Rede de Nanotecnologia Aplicada ao Agronegócio (AGRONANO), and Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (PPGCBIO).
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EMS, LST, and LF contributed on experimental procedures; EMS, LST, HB, MM, and MOS contributed on experimental procedures and analysis. Finally, LST, MM, and MOS contributed also to manuscript writing and corrections.
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dos Santos, E.M., Tavares, L.S., Fayer, L. et al. Nanoencapsulated Lippia rotundifolia antimicrobial peptide: synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity evaluations. Arch Microbiol 204, 184 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-022-02787-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-022-02787-z