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Microbiomes in agricultural and mining soils contaminated with arsenic in Guanajuato, Mexico

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Abstract

In this report, physical and chemical properties, and total arsenic (As) concentrations were analyzed in agricultural (MASE) and mining soils (SMI) in the State of Guanajuato, México. Additionally, a metagenomic analysis of both types of soils was the bases for the identification and selection of bacteria and fungi resistant to As. The SMI soil showed higher concentration of As (39 mg kg−1) as compared to MASE soil (15 mg kg−1). The metagenome showed a total of 175,240 reads from both soils. MASE soil showed higher diversity of bacteria, while the SMI soil showed higher diversity of fungi. 16S rRNA analysis showed that the phylum Proteobacteria showed the highest proportion (39.6% in MASE and 36.4% in SMI) and Acidobacteria was the second most representative (24.2% in SMI and 11.6% in MASE). 18S rRNA analysis, showed that the phylum Glomeromycota was found only in the SMI soils (11.6%), while Ascomycota was the most abundant, followed by Basidiomycota, and Zygomycota, in both soils. Genera Bacillus and Penicillium were able to grow in As concentrations as high as 5 and 10 mM, reduced As (V) to As (III), and removed As at 9.8% and 12.1% rates, respectively. When aoxB, arsB, ACR3(1), ACR3(2,) and arrA genes were explored, only the arsB gene was identified in Bacillus sp., B. simplex, and B. megaterium. In general, SMI soils showed more microorganisms resistant to As than MASE soils. Bacteria and fungi selected in this work may show potential to be used as bioremediation agents in As contaminated soils.

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Acknowledgements

MELP was supported by a fellowship (365607) from CONACYT (Mexico) during the development of this project.

Funding

This work was partially supported by the University of Guanajuato annual allocation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Posgrado en Biociencias, División de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de Guanajuato, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Km. 9.0 Carr. Irapuato-León, 36500, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico

    María Elena López-Pérez, Adriana Saldaña-Robles, Gabriela Ana Zanor & María Cristina Del Rincón-Castro

  2. División de Ciencias de la Vida, Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola, Universidad de Guanajuato, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Km. 9.0 Carr. Irapuato-León, 36500, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico

    Adriana Saldaña-Robles

  3. División de Ciencias de la Vida, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de Guanajuato, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Km. 9.0 Carr. Irapuato-León, 36500, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico

    Gabriela Ana Zanor

  4. Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioquímica, CINVESTAV-Unidad Irapuato, CINVESTAV-Unidad Irapuato, Km. 9.6 Libramiento Norte, Carretera Irapuato-León, 36500, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico

    Jorge E. Ibarra

  5. División de Ciencias de la Vida, Departamento de Alimentos, Universidad de Guanajuato, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Km. 9.0 Carr. Irapuato-León, 36500, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico

    María Cristina Del Rincón-Castro

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Contributions

MELP and MCDRC conceived the study. MELP, GAZ, and ASR performed the research. MELP and MCDRC analyzed data and wrote MS, JEI interpreted and analyzed the data, structured and wrote the MS. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to María Cristina Del Rincón-Castro.

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López-Pérez, M.E., Saldaña-Robles, A., Zanor, G.A. et al. Microbiomes in agricultural and mining soils contaminated with arsenic in Guanajuato, Mexico. Arch Microbiol 203, 499–511 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-020-01973-1

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