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Bradyrhizobium forestalis sp. nov., an efficient nitrogen-fixing bacterium isolated from nodules of forest legume species in the Amazon

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Abstract

Three strains of nitrogen-fixing bacteria isolated from nodules of Inga sp. (INPA54BT) and Swartzia sp. (INPA86A and INPA01-91A) in soils under native forest in the Brazilian Amazon were previously identified as belonging to the Bradyrhizobium genus. In this study, these strains were characterized using a polyphasic approach to establish their taxonomic position. The three strains shared more than 99.5% sequence similarity of the 16S rRNA gene with the type strains of five Bradyrhizobium species (B. japonicum USDA 6T, B. liaoningense LMG 18230T, B. ottawaense OO99T, B. subterraneum 58 2-1T and B. yuanmingense LMG 21827T). However, multilocus sequence analysis of two (recA and glnII) or three (atpD, gyrB, and recA) housekeeping genes indicated that these three strains represent a new Bradyrhizobium species, which is closely related to B. subterraneum 58 2-1T and B. yuanmingense LMG 21827T. DNA–DNA hybridization values between INPA54BT and B. subterraneum 58 2-1T and B. yuanmingense LMG 21827T were only 41.5 and 30.9%, respectively. Phenotypic characterization also allowed the differentiation of the novel species from B. subterraneum 58 2-1T and B. yuanmingense LMG 21827T. In the phylogenetic analysis of the nodC and nifH genes, the three strains showed similar sequences that were divergent from those of type strains of all Bradyrhizobium species. We concluded that these strains represent a novel species, for which the name Bradyrhizobium forestalis is proposed, with INPA54BT (= LMG 10044T) as type strain. The G+C content in the DNA of INPA54BT is 63.7 mol%.

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  1. Elaine Martins da Costa

    Present address: Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Professora Cinobelina Elvas, 64900-000, Bom Jesus, Piauí, Belgium

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Setor de Biologia, Microbiologia e Processos Biológicos do Solo, Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Campus UFLA, 37200-000, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Elaine Martins da Costa, Amanda Azarias Guimarães, Teotonio Soares de Carvalho, Tainara Louzada Rodrigues, Paula Rose de Almeida Ribeiro & Fatima M. de Souza Moreira

  2. Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000, Ghent, Belgium

    Liesbeth Lebbe & Anne Willems

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  1. Elaine Martins da Costa
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  2. Amanda Azarias Guimarães
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  3. Teotonio Soares de Carvalho
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  4. Tainara Louzada Rodrigues
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Correspondence to Fatima M. de Souza Moreira.

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Communicated by Erko Stackebrandt.

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Martins da Costa, E., Azarias Guimarães, A., Soares de Carvalho, T. et al. Bradyrhizobium forestalis sp. nov., an efficient nitrogen-fixing bacterium isolated from nodules of forest legume species in the Amazon. Arch Microbiol 200, 743–752 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-018-1486-2

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