Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Performance improvement of grid-integrated PV system using novel robust least mean logarithmic square control algorithm

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Electrical Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The growing integration of distribution grid with solar energy (PV) has resulted in severe power quality (PQ) concerns, particularly in the case of a weak distribution grid. In order to improve the PQ, the effective development of a control algorithm for the solar energy (PV) conversion system, interfaced to the grid, is very vital. In this article, an adaptive robust least mean logarithmic square (RLMLS) filter-based control has been proposed to provide grid integration capabilities of a PV system, for optimal operation. Moreover, it supplies active power to the linear/nonlinear load and grid, along with power factor correction, load balancing, and harmonics mitigation. MATLAB/Simulink (2018a) is used for modelling and evaluation of the proposed system, under various loading scenarios, including nonlinear, unbalance, and load increment. It is also tested under severe grid voltage conditions, such as unbalanced and distorted grid voltage. The system’s performance has been verified as per IEEE-519 standard, showing that it is capable of grid integration and efficient in maintaining the PQ under non-ideal grid conditions characterized by a wide variety of load fluctuations, distortion, and unbalance with added benefits of faster convergence speed, reduced complexity, less sampling time, better accuracy, low dynamic oscillations/ripples in the estimation of active component, ease of implementation, and adaptability. Furthermore, a hardware prototype is developed for validation, and test results show that the system can operate efficiently under a wide variety of load fluctuations, distortion, and unbalance conditions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig.1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig.11
Fig.12
Fig.13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

RLMLS:

Robust least mean logarithmic square

PQ :

Power quality

THD:

Total harmonic distortion

LMS:

Least mean square

PV :

Solar energy

RES:

Renewable energy resources

PCC :

Point of interconnection

MPPT:

Maximum power point tracking

\({\mathcal{U}}_{pa} , {\mathcal{U}}_{pb} ,{\mathcal{U}}_{pc}\) :

In-phase unit templates of voltages

\({\mathcal{U}}_{qa} , {\mathcal{U}}_{qb} ,{\mathcal{U}}_{qc}\) :

Quadrature unit templates of voltages

\(e_{pa} ,e_{pb} ,e_{pc} \) :

Estimation error of a, b, c phases

\(w_{pa} ,w_{pb} ,w_{pc}\) :

Fundamental active weights’ component of load of a, b, c phases

\(w_{lp}\) :

Averaging of the fundamental active component of load of a, b, c phases

\(w_{qa} ,w_{qb} ,w_{qc}\) :

Fundamental reactive weights’ component of load of a, b, c phases

\(w_{lq}\) :

Averaging of the fundamental reactive weight component of load of a, b, c phases

\({\mathcal{V}}_{sa } ,{\mathcal{V}}_{sb } ,{\mathcal{V}}_{sc}\) :

Phase voltages of a, b, c phases

\(V_{dc}\) :

DC-link voltage

\(V_{dc}^{*}\) :

Reference DC-link Voltage

\(K_{pd} , K_{id}\) :

Gains of PI controller of DC link

\(K_{pa} , K_{ia}\) :

PI controller’s gain AC side

\(w_{dc}\) :

DC loss weight

\(w_{ac}\) :

AC loss weight

\(G_{c} \left( S \right)\) :

Transfer function of the proposed control

\(w_{ps}\) :

Total active weight component

\(w_{qs}\) :

Total reactive weight component

\(i_{pa}^{*} ; i_{pb}^{*} ;i_{pc}^{*}\) :

Active reference current

\(i_{qa}^{*} ,i_{qb}^{*} ,i_{qc}^{*}\) :

Reactive reference components

\(i_{sa}^{*} , i_{sb}^{*} ,i_{sc}^{*}\) :

Reference current

References

  1. Singh B, Kumar S (2020) Grid interactive residential photovoltaic-battery based microgrid for rural electrification. IEEE Trans Ind Appl 56(4):4114–4123

    Google Scholar 

  2. Kumar N, Singh B, Panigrahi BK (2019) ANOVA kernel kalman filter for multi-objective grid integrated solar photovoltaic-distribution static compensator. IEEE Trans Circuits Syst I Regul Pap 66(11):4256–4264. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSI.2019.2922405

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Patankar PP, Munshi MM, Deshmukh RR, Ballal MS (2021) A modified control method for grid connected multiple rooftop solar power plants. IEEE Trans Ind Appl 57(4):3306–3316. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2021.3075195

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Arun R, Mohammed Gohar Latheef KS, Anandhakumar G (2015) Grid interconnection of renewable energy sources at the distribution level with power-quality improvement features. Int J Appl Eng Res 10(33):25622–25626. https://doi.org/10.23883/ijrter.conf.20171216.014.uylw8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Beniwal N, Hussain I, Singh B (2019) Second-order volterra-filter-based control of a solar PV-DSTATCOM system to achieve lyapunov’s stability. IEEE Trans Ind Appl 55(1):670–679. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2018.2867324

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Shukl P, Singh B (2019) Grid integration of three-phase single-stage PV system using adaptive Laguerre filter based control algorithm under nonideal distribution system. IEEE Trans Ind Appl 55(6):6193–6202. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2019.2931504

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Elgendy MA, Atkinson DJ, Zahawi B (2016) Experimental investigation of the incremental conductance maximum power point tracking algorithm at high perturbation rates. IET Renew Power Gener 10(2):133–139. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-rpg.2015.0132

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Verma P, Garg R, Mahajan P (2020) Asymmetrical interval type-2 fuzzy logic control based MPPT tuning for PV system under partial shading condition. ISA Trans., no. January. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isatra.2020.01.009.

  9. Gupta N, Garg R (2017) Tuning of asymmetrical fuzzy logic control algorithm for SPV system connected to grid. Int J Hydrogen Energy 42(26):16375–16385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.05.103

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Choi W, Lee W, Han D, Sarlioglu B (2018) New configuration of multifunctional grid-connected inverter to improve both current-based and voltage-based power quality. IEEE Trans Ind Appl 54(6):6374–6382. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2018.2861737

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. IEEE (1993) IEEE recommended practices and requirements for harmonic control in electrical power systems, vol. 1992, June.

  12. IEEE Std 1547:2003 (2003) IEEE standard for interconnecting distributed resources with electric power systems, IEEE Std 1547–2003, 2014, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEESTD.2003.94285.

  13. Verma P, Garg R, Mahajan P (2019) Asymmetrical fuzzy logic control based mppt algorithm for stand-alone photovoltaic system under partially shaded conditions. Int J Sci Technol. https://doi.org/10.24200/SCI.2019.51737.2338

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Trishan E, Patrick LC (2007) Comparison of photovoltaic array maximum power point tracking techniques. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 22(2):439–449. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2006.874230

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Jiang Y, Abu Qahouq JA, Haskew TA (2013) Adaptive step size with adaptive-perturbation-frequency digital MPPT controller for a single-sensor photovoltaic solar system. IEEE Trans Power Electron 28(7):3195–3205. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2012.2220158

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Killi M, Samanta S (2015) Modified perturb and observe MPPT algorithm for drift avoidance in photovoltaic systems. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 62(9):5549–5559. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2015.2407854

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Li H, Yang D, Su W, Lu J, Yu X (2019) An overall distribution particle swarm optimization MPPT algorithm for photovoltaic system under partial shading. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 66(1):265–275. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2018.2829668

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Mohanty S, Subudhi B, Ray PK (2016) A new MPPT design using grey Wolf optimization technique for photovoltaic system under partial shading conditions. IEEE Trans Sustain Energy 7(1):181–188. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSTE.2015.2482120

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Singh B, Chandra A, Al-Haddad K (2015) Power quality problems and mitigation techniques. Wiley . http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/book/10.1002/9781118922064, ISBN: 978–1–118–92205–7

  20. Xiao F, Member S, Dong L, Li L, Lia X (2017) A frequency-fixed SOGI based PLL for single-phase grid-connected converters. IEEE Trans Power Electron 32(3):1713–1719. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2016.2606623

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Wu F, Zhang L, Duan J (2015) A new two-phase stationary-frame-based enhanced PLL for three-phase grid synchronization. IEEE Trans Circuits Syst II Express Briefs 62(3):251–255. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSII.2014.2368257

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Youssef TA, Mohammed O (2013) Adaptive SRF-PLL with reconfigurable controller for Microgrid in grid-connected and stand-alone modes. IEEE Power Energy Soc Gen Meet. https://doi.org/10.1109/PESMG.2013.6673028

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Deo S, Jain C, Singh B (2015) A PLL-less scheme for single-phase grid interfaced load compensating solar PV generation system. IEEE Trans Ind Inform 11(3):692–699

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Agarwal R, Hussain I, Singh B (2016) LMF based control algorithm for single stage three-phase grid integrated solar PV system. IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy 7(4):1379–1387

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Li Z, Li D, Xu X, Zhang J (2019) normalized LMS adaptive filter with a variable regularization factor. J Syst Eng Electron 30(2):259–269. https://doi.org/10.21629/JSEE.2019.02.05

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Sayin MO, Vanli ND, Kozat SS (2014) A novel family of adaptive filtering algorithms based on the logarithmic cost. IEEE Trans Signal Process 62(17):4411–4424. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2014.2333559

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Electrical Engineering Department, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India

    Avdhesh Kumar, Rachana Garg & Priya Mahajan

Authors
  1. Avdhesh Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Rachana Garg
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Priya Mahajan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Avdhesh Kumar.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Appendix

Appendix

1.1 Designed system parameters

Grid voltages (Vsabc): 415 V, Source impedances (Rs, Ls): 0.01Ω, 0.1mH, frequency (f): 50 Hz, Interfacing inductor (Rf, Lf): 0.01Ω,7mH, DC bus capacitor (Cdc): 1000 μF, Vdc: 750 V; scaling factor (α) = 0.0035; step size(µ) = 0.01; sampling time (Ts) = 5.5 μs; \(K_{pd} = 0.2, K_{id} = 20\);

1.2 Designed solar PV parameters

nominal voltage (Vmpp): 410 V, nominal current (Impp): 25 A, maximum power (Pmp):10.25 kW.; Designed boost converter parameters: Capacitor (C): 1000µF, Inductor (L): 0.5mH,, Duty cycle (D): 0.43, Switching frequency (fs): 10 kHz.

1.3 Experimental parameters

Ts = 40 μs; Vgrid (VLL) = 100 V(58 V/phase) (rms); Vdc = 200 V; inverter = 25 kVA, Interfacing inductor Lf = 5 mH; nonlinear load = three phase diode bridge rectifier with R load (R = 65-40Ω). \(K_{pd} = 0.5, K_{id} = 0.1\);

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kumar, A., Garg, R. & Mahajan, P. Performance improvement of grid-integrated PV system using novel robust least mean logarithmic square control algorithm. Electr Eng 104, 3207–3224 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-022-01552-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-022-01552-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation