Skip to main content
Log in

Dynamic discrete choice under rational inattention

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Economic Theory Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We adopt the posterior-based approach to study dynamic discrete choice problems under rational inattention. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions to characterize the solution for general uniformly posterior-separable cost functions. We propose an efficient algorithm to solve these conditions and apply our model to explain phenomena such as perceptual distance, status quo bias, confirmation bias, and belief polarization. A key condition for our approach to work is the concavity of the difference between the generalized entropy of the current posterior and the discounted generalized entropy of the prior beliefs about the future states.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Arimoto, S.: An algorithm for computing the capacity of arbitrary discrete memoryless channels. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 18, 14–20 (1972)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bertsekas, D.: Nonlinear Programming. Athena Scientific, Nashua (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  • Blahut, R.E.: Computation of channel capacity and rate-distortion functions. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 18, 460–473 (1972)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bloedel, A., Zhong, W.: The cost of optimally-acquired information. Working Paper. Stanford University (2021)

  • Caplin, A., Dean, M.: Behavioral Implications of Rational Inattention with Shannon Entropy. NBER Working Paper 19318 (2013)

  • Caplin, A., Dean, M.: Revealed preference, rational inattention, and costly information acquisition. Am. Econ. Rev. 105, 2183–2203 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caplin, A., Dean, M., Leahy, J.: Rational inattention, optimal consideration sets, and stochastic choice. Rev. Econ. Stud. 86, 1061–1094 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caplin, A., Dean, M., Leahy, J.: Rationally inattentive behavior: characterizing and generalizing Shannon entropy. J. Polit. Econ. 130, 1676–1715 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Catonini, E., Mayskaya, T.: Talking with an extremist. Econ. Theory (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00199-023-01500-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cover, T.M., Thomas, J.A.: Elements of Information Theory, 2nd edn. Wiley, Hoboken (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  • Dean, M., Neligh, N.: Experimental tests of rational inattention. J. Polit. Econ. (2019) (forthcoming)

  • Denti, T.: Posterior separable cost of information. Am. Econ. Rev. 112, 3215–3259 (2022)

  • Denti, T., Marinacci, M., Rustichini, A.: Experimental cost of information. Am. Econ. Rev. 112, 3106–3123 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dewan, A., Neligh, N.: Estimating information cost functions in models of rational inattention. J. Econ. Theory 187, 1–32 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fudenberg, D., Strzalecki, T.: Dynamic logit with choice aversion. Econometrica 83, 651–691 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hébert, B., Woodford, M.: Rational Inattention in Continuous Time. Working Paper. Columbia University (2018)

  • Hébert, B., Woodford, M.: Neighborhood-based information costs. Am. Econ. Rev. 111, 3225–3255 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jung, J., Kim, J.-H., Matějka, F., Sims, C.A.: Discrete actions in information-constrained decision problems. Rev. Econ. Stud. 86, 2643–2667 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kamenica, E.: Bayesian persuasion and information design. Annu. Rev. Econ. 11, 249–272 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luo, Y.: Consumption dynamics under information processing constraints. Rev. Econ. Dyn. 11, 366–385 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maćkowiak, B., Wiederholt, M.: Optimal sticky prices under rational inattention. Am. Econ. Rev. 99, 769–803 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maćkowiak, B., Matějka, F., Wiederholt, M.: Rational inattention: a review. J. Econ. Lit. (2018) (forthcoming)

  • Matějka, F., McKay, A.: Rational inattention to discrete choices: a new foundation for the multinomial logit model. Am. Econ. Rev. 105, 272–298 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mattsson, L.-G., Weibull, J.W.: Probabilistic choice and procedurally bounded rationality. Games Econom. Behav. 41, 61–78 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miao, J.: Multivariate LQG Control under Rational Inattention in Continuous Time. Working Paper. Boston University (2019)

  • Miao, J., Su, D.: Asset market equilibrium under rational inattention. Econ. Theor. 75(1), 1–30 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00199-021-01396-z

  • Miao, J., Wu, J., Young, E.: Multivariate rational inattention. Econometrica 90, 907–945 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mondria, J.: Portfolio choice, attention allocation, and price comovement. J. Econ. Theory 145, 1837–1864 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morris, S., Strack, P.: The Wald problem and the equivalence of sequential sampling and static information costs. Working Paper. MIT (2019)

  • Nimark, K.P., Sundaresan, S.: Inattention and belief polarization. J. Econ. Theory 180, 203–228 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peng, L., Xiong, W.: Investor attention, overconfidence and category learning. J. Financ. Econ. 80, 563–602 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pomatto, L., Strack, P., Tamuz, O.: The cost of information. Am. Econ. Rev. 113, 1360–1393 (2023)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Puterman, M.L.: Markov Decision Processes: Discrete Stochastic Dynamic Programming. Wiley, Hoboken (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ravid, D.: Ultimatum bargaining with rational inattention. Am. Econ. Rev. 110, 2948–2963 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rust, J.: Structural estimation of Markov decision processes. In: Engle, R., McFadden, D. (eds.) Handbook of Econometrics, vol. 4, pp. 3082–3139. North Holland, Amsterdam (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  • Shannon, C.E.: A mathematical theory of communication. Bell Syst. Tech. J. 27, 379–423 (1948)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shorrocks, A.F.: The class of additively decomposable inequality measures. Econometrica 48, 613–25 (1980)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sims, C.A.: Stickiness. Carn.-Roch. Conf. Ser. Public Policy 49, 317–356 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sims, C.A.: Implications of rational inattention. J. Monet. Econ. 50(3), 665–690 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sims, C.A.: Rational inattention and monetary economics. In: Friedman, B.M., Woodford, M. (eds.) Handbook of Monetary Economics, vol. 3A. North-Holland, Amsterdam (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  • Steiner, J., Stewart, C., Matějka, F.: Rational inattention dynamics: inertia and delay in decision-making. Econometrica 85, 521–553 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stokey, N.L., Lucas, R.E., Prescott, E.C.: Recursive Methods in Economic Dynamics. Harvard University Press, Cambridge (1989)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka, T., Sandberg, H., Skoglund, M.: Transfer-entropy-regularized Markov decision processes. IEEE Trans. Autom. Control 67, 1944–1951 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tsallis, C.: Possible generalization of Boltzmann–Gibbs statistics. J. Stat. Phys. 52, 479–487 (1988)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Nieuwerburgh, S., Veldkamp, L.: Information acquisition and under-diversification. Rev. Econ. Stud. 77, 571–626 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  • Woodford, M.: Information constrained state dependent pricing. J. Monet. Econ. 56(S), S100–S124 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Woodford, M.: Inattentive Valuation and Reference-dependent Choice. Working Paper. Columbia University (2012)

  • Zhong, W.: Optimal dynamic information acquisition. Econometrica 90, 1537–1582 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jianjun Miao.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

We thank Andrew Caplin, Mark Dean, John Leahy, Bart Lipman, Stephen Morris, Jakub Steiner, Colin Stewart, and Mike Woodford for helpful discussions.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Miao, J., Xing, H. Dynamic discrete choice under rational inattention. Econ Theory 77, 597–652 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00199-023-01512-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00199-023-01512-1

Keywords

JEL Classification

Navigation