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Effect of educational intervention on preventing osteoporosis in postmenopausal women

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Abstract

Summary

In the experimental group, the average scores of knowledge, constructs of theory of planned behavior, nutrition, and walking had a significant enhancement compared to the control group after the educational intervention. After the intervention, the value of the lumbar spine bone mineral density T-score in the experimental group increased, while in the control group, it decreased.

Introduction

Osteoporosis is a global public health problem currently affecting millions of people worldwide and in Iran. This study was conducted to assess the effect of an educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior on the prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

Methods

This quasi-experimental study was performed on 160 women aging over 50 who were referred to health centers in Fasa City, Iran, in 2019. A simple random sampling method was applied to assign the participants into control and intervention groups (80 participants for each group). Data were gathered by questionnaires arranged based on the constructs of the theory of planned behavior, nutrition performance, and walking performance. The educational intervention included seven 50-minute educational sessions. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software and Chi-square test, independent T-test, and paired T-test, and the significance level was considered 0.05.

Results

The mean ages of the studied participants in the experimental and control groups were 59.18 ± 6.56 and 57.92 ± 5.70, respectively. In the experimental group, the average scores of knowledge, constructs of the theory of planned behavior, nutrition performance, and walking performance had a significant enhancement compared to the control group one year after the intervention (p < 0.001). At 12 months after the intervention, the value of the lumbar spine bone mineral density T-score in the experimental group increased, while in the control group, it reduced (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

The theory of planned behavior affected nutrition and walking performance in osteoporosis prevention of subjects. This theory can be used as a framework for designing and performing educational interventions for preventing osteoporosis and promoting women’s health.

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Data availability

The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are publicly available from the corresponding author on request.

Abbreviations

DXA:

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

TPB:

Theory of planned behavior

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Acknowledgements

We express our appreciation to the participants in this study and the staff of the health centers for their impeccable contribution.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran

    S. Najafi

  2. Department of Community Health, Child Nursing and Aging, Ramsar School of Nursing, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran

    F. Mohammadkhah

  3. Department of Public Health, School of Health, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran

    M.M. Ebrahimi

  4. Department of Public Health, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    P.A. Harsini

  5. Nutrition Research Center, Department of Public Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    A. Khani Jeihooni

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  1. S. Najafi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Khani Jeihooni.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate

The study was approved by the ethics committee of Fasa University of Medical Sciences (IR.FUMS.REC.1397.002). Informed consent was taken from all the participants. For illiterate people involved, informed consent from a parent and/or legal guardian was obtained in the study. All methods were carried out in accordance to the declarations of Helsinki. There was an emphasis on maintaining privacy in keeping and delivering the information accurately without mentioning the names of the participants. The participants were given the right to leave the interview at any time, and they were promised to have access to the study results.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Najafi, S., Mohammadkhah, F., Ebrahimi, M. et al. Effect of educational intervention on preventing osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 35, 505–513 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-023-06962-w

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