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Risk of developing age-related macular degeneration in patients with osteoporosis: a population-based, longitudinal follow-up study

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Abstract

Summary

Osteoporosis was suggested to be associated with higher odds of age-related macular degeneration. However, the temporal relationship between osteoporosis and age-related macular degeneration has not been explored. This population-based longitudinal follow-up study showed an increased risk of age-related macular degeneration in both men and women with osteoporosis.

Purpose

To investigate the long-term risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in patients with osteoporosis.

Methods

This is a retrospective cohort study using the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005, a subset of Taiwan’s National Health Insurance research database. A total of 23,611 individuals aged 50 to 79 who were diagnosed with osteoporosis between January 1, 2002 and December 31, 2006, were enrolled in the osteoporosis group. An exactly equal number of propensity score-matched individuals without osteoporosis comprised the comparison group. The variables used in propensity score matching included age, sex, comorbidities, and socioeconomic status. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between osteoporosis and AMD. The main outcome measure is the occurrence of newly diagnosed AMD.

Results

The hazard ratio (HR) of AMD in the osteoporosis group was 1.34 times higher than in the comparison group (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.22–1.47, p < 0.05). The AMD-free survival rate of the osteoporosis group was significantly lower than that of the comparison group (p < 0.0001). Sex-stratified analysis revealed a significantly increased risk of AMD in both osteoporotic men (HR 1.45; 95% CI 1.20–1.76, p = 0.0002) and women (HR 1.31; 95% CI 1.17–1.46, p < 0.0001) compared with their non-osteoporotic counterparts.

Conclusion

This longitudinal follow-up study revealed an increased risk of developing AMD in both men and women with osteoporosis.

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Funding

This research was supported by grants NTU-JP-110L7246 and NTU-JP-111L7221 from National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Zhongshan S. Rd., Zhongzheng District, 100, Taipei City, Taiwan

    Shu-Chiang Hsu & Shin-Liang Pan

  2. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University BioMedical Park Hospital, No. 2, Sec. 1, Shengyi Rd., Zhubei City, Hsinchu County, 302, Taiwan

    Shih-Hao Feng

  3. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 7, Zhongshan S. Rd., Zhongzheng District, 100, Taipei City, Taiwan

    Shin-Liang Pan

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  1. Shu-Chiang Hsu
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Correspondence to Shin-Liang Pan.

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This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH-REC No.: 202012192RINA).

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Hsu, SC., Feng, SH. & Pan, SL. Risk of developing age-related macular degeneration in patients with osteoporosis: a population-based, longitudinal follow-up study. Osteoporos Int 34, 793–801 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-023-06711-z

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