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Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and bone health: data from a population-based sample of men

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Abstract

Summary

We aimed to investigate the association between serum lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and bone health in men. LBP was associated with lower bone density at the mid-forearm and the quantitative heel ultrasound measure, broadband ultrasound attenuation, for heavier participants. Data do not support clear associations between serum LBP and bone health.

Introduction

The objective of this study was to investigate the association between serum lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and potential downstream effects on skeletal density, quality, and turnover in a population-based sample of men.

Methods

This cross-sectional study utilised data from 1149 men (aged 20–96 year) enrolled in the Geelong Osteoporosis Study. Blood samples were obtained and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), bone resorption marker, C-telopeptide (CTx), and formation marker, type 1 procollagen amino-terminal-propeptide (P1NP), were measured. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Stiffness Index (SI), broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), and speed of sound (SOS) were derived from quantitative heel ultrasound (QUS). Linear regression models were developed to test associations between log-transformed LBP (ln-LBP), BMD, QUS, and bone turnover, after adjusting for potential covariates.

Results

Serum LBP ranged from 1.07–208.53 ng/mL (median 16.53 ng/mL). Those with higher levels were older, less mobile, and had lower BMD at the mid-forearm, otherwise, groups were similar. Before and after adjustment for age, ln-LBP was associated with lower BMD at the spine, total body, and mid-forearm. Further adjustment for weight attenuated associations at the spine and total body, yet the relationship at the mid-forearm was sustained (β − 0.014 ± 0.004, p = 0.001). SOS and SI were not associated with ln-LBP either before or after adjustment for age; however, weight was identified as an effect modifier in the relationship between ln-LBP and BUA. An association was observed for those weighing greater than 82.7 kg (β 3.366 ± 0.929, p < 0.001), after adjustment for potential covariates. Neither bone turnover marker was associated with ln-LBP.

Conclusion

Our data do not support a clear association between serum LBP and measures of bone health in this sample of men.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Dr. Mohammadreza Mohebbi for his statistical expertise and assistance.

The authors thank our valued study participants, in addition to the research staff for their efforts in recruiting participants and obtaining and processing the data.

The authors thank Professor Graham Giles of the Cancer Epidemiology Centre of The Cancer Council Victoria, for permission to use the Dietary Questionnaire for Epidemiological Studies (Version 2), Melbourne: The Cancer Council Victoria 1996.

Funding

The Geelong Osteoporosis Study was supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), Australia (GNT251638, 299831, 628582, and 1104438). JRC and KBA were supported by Deakin University Postgraduate Scholarships, KLH-K by an Alfred Deakin Postdoctoral Research Fellowship, and LJW by a NHMRC Emerging Research Fellowship (1174060). The funding providers played no role in the design or conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; or in preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Deakin University, School of Medicine, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), PO Box 281, Geelong, Victoria, 3220, Australia

    Jasmine R. Cleminson, Julie A. Pasco, Chiara C. Bortolasci, Kara L. Holloway-Kew, Jason M. Hodge, Kara B. Anderson, Mark A. Kotowicz, Rasika M. Samarasinghe & Lana J. Williams

  2. Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Victoria, Australia

    Julie A. Pasco & Mark A. Kotowicz

  3. Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Julie A. Pasco

  4. Barwon Health, University Hospital, Geelong, VIC, Australia

    Julie A. Pasco, Jason M. Hodge & Mark A. Kotowicz

  5. Geelong Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia

    Jason M. Hodge

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  1. Jasmine R. Cleminson
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Contributions

Authors have made contributions to the following: (1) the conception and design of the study, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data, (2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content, (3) final approval of the version to be submitted. The author statement outlines individual contributions to the paper from each author, using the relevant CRediT roles: conceptualization; data curation; formal analysis; funding acquisition; investigation; methodology; project administration; resources; software; supervision; validation; visualization; roles/writing—original draft; writing—review and editing.

Authorship statements are formatted with the names of authors first and CRediT role(s) following. JRC: conceptualization, methodology, software, formal analysis, investigation, resources, data curation, validation, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing, visualization, project administration. JAP: conceptualization, resources, funding acquisition, writing—review and editing. CCB: methodology, resources, formal analysis, project administration, writing—review and editing. KLH-K: data curation, writing—review and editing. JMH: writing—review and editing, supervision. KBA: methodology, writing—review and editing. RMS: writing—review and editing, supervision. MAK: resources, writing—review and editing. LJW: conceptualization, formal analysis, resources, writing—review and editing, visualization, supervision, funding acquisition.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jasmine R. Cleminson.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval

The study was approved by the Barwon Health Human Research Ethics Committee (ID 00/56).

Consent to participate

All participants provided written informed consent. All procedures performed in the work described, involving human participants, were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki), its later amendments, or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Barwon Health Human Research Ethics Committee. Privacy rights were observed for all individual participants included in the study.

Conflict of interest

Authors JRC, CCB, JMH, and RMS have no conflicts of interest to declare. JAP has recently received grant/research support from the NHMRC, the Medical Research Future Fund (MRFF) Australia, Amgen, Deakin University, and the Norman Beischer Foundation. KLH-K has recently received grant/research support from Amgen and Deakin University. KBA has recently received an Australian Research Training Program Scholarship. MAK has recently received grant/research support from Amgen and the MRFF. LJW has received grant/research support from the NHMRC, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, The University of Melbourne, and Deakin University.

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Cleminson, J.R., Pasco, J.A., Bortolasci, C.C. et al. Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and bone health: data from a population-based sample of men. Osteoporos Int 34, 309–317 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-022-06602-9

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