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Effects of anti-resorptive drugs on implant survival and peri-implantitis in patients with existing osseointegrated dental implants: a retrospective cohort study

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Abstract

Summary

The effect of anti-resorptive drug (ARD) usage among patients with successful dental implant osseointegration is controversial. This study showed an increased risk of implant failure in ARD users. Risk factors included pre-existing marginal bone loss, overdenture, diabetes, and a short interval between implant placement and ARD administration.

Introduction

This retrospective study aimed to determine whether anti-resorptive drug (ARD) usage increased risk of implant failure among patients with successful implant osseointegration. Additionally, the study investigated risk factors that affected implant survival rate in ARD users.

Methods

Eighty ARD users with 344 implants who had more than 12 months of follow-up from the initiation of ARD treatment during the period between 2008 and 2017 were included, along with 80 non-ARD users from the same period. The primary outcome was dental implant survival. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazard models were used for survival analysis.

Results

Average follow-up was 85.3 months. Implant survival rates were 89.83% in ARD users and 96.03% in non-ARD users. In the univariate Cox proportional hazard model, risk of implant failure was significantly higher in patients with pre-existing marginal bone loss (MBL), diabetes, and concurrent bone augmentation. However, risk of implant failure was significantly lower when the interval between implant placement and ARD administration was < 36 months. Compared with overdenture, single crown and fixed splinted users had lower risk of implant failure. In multivariate analysis, variables including pre-existing MBL, diabetes, < 36-month interval between implant placement and ARD treatment, and usage of fixed splinted prosthesis were significantly associated with increased risk of implant failure.

Conclusions

ARD administration after implant osseointegration was correlated with a reduced implant survival rate. Pre-existing MBL, diabetes, type of final prosthesis, and the interval between implant placement and initiation of ARD administration influenced risk of implant failure.

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Authors’ roles

JYK and HC measured the outcomes and wrote the manuscript. JP reviewed and edited the manuscript. HDJ and YSJ managed the patients. JYK and YSJ conceived the study design. The manuscript was checked and approved by all authors.

Funding

This study was supported by the Yonsei University College of Dentistry Fund (6-2019-0014).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea

    J.Y. Kim, H. Choi, J.H. Park, H.D. Jung & Y.S. Jung

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Correspondence to Y.S. Jung.

Ethics declarations

This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethical Review Board of Yonsei University Dental Hospital Institutional Review Board (IRB No. 2-2018-0060).

Conflicts of interest

Jun-Young Kim, Hansol Choi. Jin Hoo Park, Hwi-Dong Jung, and Young-Soo Jung declare that they have no conflict of interest. No financial compensation was derived from this work.

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Kim, J., Choi, H., Park, J. et al. Effects of anti-resorptive drugs on implant survival and peri-implantitis in patients with existing osseointegrated dental implants: a retrospective cohort study. Osteoporos Int 31, 1749–1758 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-019-05257-3

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