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Genetic polymorphisms and phylogenetic analysis of the Gujarat population via 17 Y chromosomal STR systems

Genetische Polymorphismen und phylogenetische Analyse der Bevölkerung von Gujarat anhand von 17 Y-chromosomalen STR-Systemen

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Abstract

Analysis of Y‑STRs provides valuable information in forensic casework as well as in population studies. In order to observe the genetic polymorphism of the Gujarat population, 150 unrelated male individuals were typed using 17 Y‑STR markers (DYS456, DYS389I, DYS390, DYS389II, DYS458, DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS393, DYS391, DYS439, DYS635, DYS392, Y‑GATA-H4, DYS437, DYS438, and DYS448). A total of 120 distinct alleles were reported with an allelic frequency ranging from 0.007 to 0.533. The studied population showed higher value of discrimination capacity (0.9726) and haplotype diversity (0.9998). A total of 146 haplotypes were observed among which 142 haplotypes were unique. The genetic diversity for 17 Y-STRs ranged from 0.620 (DYS391) to 0.829 (DYS385b). The locus DYS385b showed the highest polymorphism (0.809). Using the same 17 Y-STR loci, genetic relationship and the corresponding p-value were calculated and compared with the other available Indian populations. In addition, a phylogenetic tree was also constructed and similar results were evidenced using multidimensional scaling (MDS) plot. Overall, these findings are highly polymorphic in the studied population and can also enrich the ethnic genetic information of Gujaratis.

Zusammenfassung

Die Y‑STR-Analyse liefert wertvolle Informationen für die forensische Fallbearbeitung und für Bevölkerungsstudien. Um den genetischen Polymorphismus der Bevölkerung von Gujarat zu beobachten, wurden 150 nichtverwandte männliche Individuen mit 17 Y‑STR-Markern (DYS456, DYS389I, DYS390, DYS389II, DYS458, DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS393, DYS391, DYS439, DYS635, DYS392, Y‑GATA-H4, DYS437, DYS438 und DYS448) typisiert. Insgesamt wurden 120 unterschiedliche Allele gemeldet, die zwischen 0,007 und 0,533 liegen. Die untersuchte Population wies höhere Werte für die Unterscheidungsfähigkeit (0,9726) und die Haplotypenvielfalt (0,9998) auf. Insgesamt wurden 146 Haplotypen beobachtet, von denen 142 einzigartig waren. Die genetische Vielfalt für 17 Y-STR reichte von 0,620 (DYS391) bis 0,829 (DYS385b). Der Locus DYS385b zeigte den höchsten Polymorphismus (0,809). Anhand der gleichen 17 Y-STR-Loci wurden die genetische Verwandtschaft und der entsprechende p-Wert berechnet und mit den anderen verfügbaren indischen Populationen verglichen. Darüber hinaus wurde ein phylogenetischer Baum erstellt, der auch mit Hilfe der multidimensionalen Skalierung (MDS) dargestellt wurde. Insgesamt sind diese Ergebnisse in der untersuchten Population sehr polymorph und können auch die ethnisch-genetischen Informationen der Gujaratis bereichern.

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Acknowledgements

The authors want to acknowledge all the participants for this study.

Author Contribution

A. Mishra and S. Misra planned the study. A. Mishra and U. Gondhali wrote the manuscript. S. Misra reviewed the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the manuscript.

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With corresponding author A. Mishra on request.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Forensic Science and Risk Management, Rashtriya Raksha University, National Security and Police University of India, 382305, Gandhinagar, India

    Aditi Mishra

  2. Independent Researcher, New Delhi, India

    Sarthak Misra

  3. Jindal Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Sonipat, India

    Ulhas Gondhali

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  1. Aditi Mishra
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  2. Sarthak Misra
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Correspondence to Aditi Mishra.

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A. Mishra, S. Misra and U. Gondhali declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethical standards

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants or on human tissue were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1975 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Mishra, A., Misra, S. & Gondhali, U. Genetic polymorphisms and phylogenetic analysis of the Gujarat population via 17 Y chromosomal STR systems. Rechtsmedizin 32, 184–190 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00194-021-00529-x

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