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Dynamic evolution behavior of cracks for single-track and multi-track clads in laser cladding

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Abstract

It is generally believed that the crack defect is the fatal issue that restricts the development of additive manufacturing technology. In this paper, Ni60 alloy coating on H13 surface is manufactured by laser cladding, and the dynamic evolution behavior of cracks during the process of single-track and multi-track overlapping cladding is studied. The morphology and microstructure characteristics of the coating and the crack initiation and propagation behavior are analyzed. The results show that the cracks mainly originate from the surface of the clad and propagate along the depth direction to the substrate. The laser power and scanning speed are the main factors that affect the crack behavior. With the increase of laser power, the process range for crack-free cladding is expanded. When the cladding speed is relatively low, the crack in the substrate can be initiated, and the crack propagates in the direction parallel to the laser scanning speed, which is manifested as the substrate being torn. The transverse cracks and the network-shaped cracks propagate continuously from single-track to multi-track cladding process. The crack-free cladding process can be achieved by a reasonable selection of processing parameters. This work aims to deeply understand the dynamic evolution behavior of cracks in laser additive manufacturing, and thus provide theoretical guidance for the crack-free cladding process.

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Data availability

The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article. The raw data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, upon a reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11502269 and 11672304) and plan of Beijing Municipal Commission of Science and Technology (No. Z181100003818015).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.15, North 4Th Ring West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100190, China

    Yanhua Bian, Binxin Dong, Bo Chen, Shaoxia Li, Chongxin Tian, Shouwen Xu, Xiuli He & Gang Yu

  2. Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Yanhua Bian & Gang Yu

  3. School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Yanhua Bian, Binxin Dong, Bo Chen, Shaoxia Li, Chongxin Tian, Shouwen Xu, Xiuli He & Gang Yu

  4. China Railway 14TH Bureau Groupment Shield Construction Engineering CO., LTD, Nanjing, 210000, China

    Jianhao Guo

Authors
  1. Yanhua Bian
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Contributions

Yanhua Bian: data curation, investigation, methodology, roles/writing — original draft; Binxin Dong: investigation, validation, data curation; Bo Chen: data curation, visualization, investigation; Jianhao Guo: validation, methodology, software; Shaoxia Li: formal analysis, validation, funding acquisition; Chongxin Tian: formal analysis, methodology, visualization; Shouwen Xu: visualization, data curation; Xiuli He: project administration, conceptualization, supervision, writing — review and editing; Gang Yu: project administration, conceptualization, funding acquisition, resources.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Xiuli He or Gang Yu.

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Highlights

• The relationship between crack evolution behavior and process parameters has been established.

• The dynamic evolution behavior of crack has been analyzed from the single-track to multi-track overlapping cladding process.

• The mechanism for crack initiation and propagation in the substrate has been explained.

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Bian, Y., Dong, B., Chen, B. et al. Dynamic evolution behavior of cracks for single-track and multi-track clads in laser cladding. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 130, 2313–2328 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-12766-3

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