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Progress and perspectives of joints defects of laser-arc hybrid welding: a review

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Abstract

Laser-arc hybrid welding (LAHW), being a high-efficiency with excellent properties of high welding speed, deep penetration, and good bridging performance, has been paid close attention by domestic and overseas scholars. So far, the lack of suppression and detection of welding defects is still considered the critical technical obstacle that affects its welding quality, particularly for workpieces with industrial requirements. One vital method to conquer this challenging issue is the visual analysis technique with the combination of numerical simulation technique, which has been researched by abundant study outcomes. The primary target of detecting is to collect basic information and to understand the formation mechanism of welding defects. This review firstly describes welding defects online detection technology, such as high-speed image, electrical signal, acoustical signal, and optical signal detection technology. Then much emphasis has been placed on the internal mechanism of forming welding defects, including undercut, humping, porosity, and spatter defects. Particularly, the defect suppression methods are presented in order to restrain and address the welding defect problems. Finally, the current difficulties and potential remedies are discussed to supply an understanding on what still needs to be improved in the LAHW process. This comprehensive review is to offer guidance for those trying to reduce welding defects as they enhance the welding joints’ quality.

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Funding

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52075317), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2022T150400), the Class III Peak Discipline of Shanghai—Materials Science and Engineering (high-energy beam intelligent processing and green manufacturing), and the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (No.202203021211151).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China

    Qingyong Liu, Di Wu, Peilei Zhang & Hua Yan

  2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China

    Di Wu

  3. SANY Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201306, China

    Qingzhao Wang

  4. Jiangsu New Yangzi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd., Jingjiang, 214532, China

    Peilei Zhang

  5. Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG), University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK

    Tianzhu Sun

  6. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, China

    Ruifeng Li

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  1. Qingyong Liu
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Contributions

Conceptualization: Q.L.; methodology: Q.L.; investigation: Q.L., D.W., P.Z., Q.W., and H.Y.; formal analysis: Q.L.; writing—original draft: Q.L.; data curation: D.W.; supervision: D.W.; writing—review and editing: D.W., R.L., and P.Z.; visualization: P.Z. and T.S.; validation: P.Z.; and funding acquisition: P.Z. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Liu, Q., Wu, D., Wang, Q. et al. Progress and perspectives of joints defects of laser-arc hybrid welding: a review. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 130, 111–146 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-12724-z

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