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Improving the thermo-physical behavior of Li2O-Al2O3-P2O5-SiO2 glass–ceramic system by triple-step heat treatment processes

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Abstract

The thermo-physical behavior of Li2O-Al2O3-P2O5-SiO2 glass–ceramic system at different crystallization temperatures (CT) and heat treatment regimes (HTR) was investigated experimentally. The Li2O-Al2O3-P2O5-SiO2 glasses were fabricated using melt-quenching method and quickly annealed at 450 °C to relieve the internal stresses. The glass–ceramics were subjected to controlled nucleation process at 520 °C following the DSC data and crystallized at 550 °C/1 h (one-step HTR), 650 °C/1 h (one-step HTR), 650 °C/1 h + 700 °C/2 h (two-step HTR), and 650 °C/1 h + 700 °C/2 h + 780 °C/2 h (three-step HTR). The hardness, flexural strength, compressive strength, coefficient of thermal expansions (CTEs), and bulk density of glass–ceramics were determined. The thermal analysis (DSC), chemical compositions, surface morphology, crystal formation and transformation, and photographs of indentations, and crack patterns were also examined. The SEM and X-ray diffraction patterns revealed four major crystalline phases: LiAlSi2O6, Li2Si2O5, Li2SiO3, and Li3PO4 which grow in quantity and size at increasing crystallization temperatures and heat treatment regimes. These microstructural changes and crystal transformations resulted in high bonding force and microstructure interlocking, leading to improvements of thermo-physical properties of the glass–ceramics. Maximum hardness, compressive strength, flexural strength, CTEs, and density of 6.72 GPa, 976 MPa, 137.44 MPa, 15.42 × 10−6/ °C, and 2.66 g/cm3 were obtained after three-step heat treatment process.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

    Kingsley C. Nnakwo

  2. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Agbani, Nigeria

    Felix E. Amadi, Johnson N. Ezeanyanwu, Celestine C. Nwogbu & Alfred O. Agbo

  3. Department of Metallurgical and Material Engineering, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

    Victor S. Aigbodion & Cynthia C. Daniel-Mkpume

  4. Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, P.O.Box 534, Auckland Park, Johannesburg, South Africa

    Victor S. Aigbodion

  5. Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Oko, Nigeria

    Emmanuel N. Okigbo

Authors
  1. Kingsley C. Nnakwo
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  2. Felix E. Amadi
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  3. Victor S. Aigbodion
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  4. Johnson N. Ezeanyanwu
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  5. Celestine C. Nwogbu
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  6. Alfred O. Agbo
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  7. Emmanuel N. Okigbo
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  8. Cynthia C. Daniel-Mkpume
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by KCN and FEA. The first draft of the manuscript was written by KCN, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Kingsley C. Nnakwo.

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Nnakwo, K.C., Amadi, F.E., Aigbodion, V.S. et al. Improving the thermo-physical behavior of Li2O-Al2O3-P2O5-SiO2 glass–ceramic system by triple-step heat treatment processes. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 129, 3447–3452 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-12547-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-12547-y

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