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Study on the mechanism of quasi-continuous wave (QCW) fiber laser low-damage processing of carbon fiber-reinforced plastics

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Abstract

To explore the method of laser low-damage processing of carbon fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRP). The feasibility of reducing the thermal damage of CFRP by laser processing with a 450 W QCW fiber laser through a multi-pass strategy was investigated by the design of experiments (DOE) in this paper. The mechanism of material removal and heat-affected zone (HAZ) formation of laser processing CFRP were elucidated by experimental study and finite element analysis. The results show that HAZ formation can be effectively controlled by the pulsed mode with a multi-pass strategy (up to 7 cuts) and high cutting speed (up to 200 mm/s), with the minimum surface HAZ 19.5 μm. The low-power multi-pass strategy is conducive to the effective cooling of the internal kerf by the auxiliary gas, which avoids the thermal damage of the material caused by excessive heat accumulation, and the processing quality is improved. The finite element model shows that the temperature field distribution range is smaller when the laser is parallel to the axis of the carbon fiber, and a smaller HAZ and a larger groove width can be obtained. The HAZ will be formed when the removal of resin and carbon fiber is inconsistent. Finally, the statistics analyze the influence of process parameters on machining quality, and the process parameters are optimized and matched. This study provides a reference for low-damage laser processing of CFRP.

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Funding

This work was financially supported and funded by Guangxi Natural Science Foundation (2020JJB170048, 2019JJD160010), Guangxi Science and Technology Base and Talent Project (2021AC18026), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (62274045, 62004050, 52165056), Guangxi Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Systems and Advanced Manufacturing Technology (17–259-05-018Z), Guangxi Young Teacher Education Project (2020KY05020), the Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education (YCSW2022287, YCBZ2022114, YCBZ2021073), the GUET Excellent Graduate Thesis Program (19YJPYBS02), and the Innovation Project of GUET Graduate Education (2020YCXS010, 2021YCXS001).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Systems and Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China

    Liao Zhou, Jia Zhou, Ping Huang, Guanghui Zhang, Ze Lin, Zhen Zhao, Yuxing Huang, Hui Jiao & Yuhong Long

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  1. Liao Zhou
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Contributions

Liao Zhou: conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, investigation, data curation, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing. Hui Jiao, Ping Huang, and Guanghui Zhang: conceptualization, validation, formal analysis, supervision, writing—review and editing. Ze Lin and Zhen Zhao: resources, data curation. Yuxing Huang, Jia Zhou, and Yuhong Long: supervision, writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Yuxing Huang, Hui Jiao or Yuhong Long.

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Zhou, L., Zhou, J., Huang, P. et al. Study on the mechanism of quasi-continuous wave (QCW) fiber laser low-damage processing of carbon fiber-reinforced plastics. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 124, 429–447 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-022-10374-1

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