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Development of UPP nanoparticles reinforced Zn–ZnO–MgO composite coating for corrosion-resistance, hardness, and microstructure property enhancement of AISI 1015 carbon steel for automotive and marine applications

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Abstract

The numerous industrial application of mild steel despite its susceptibility to degradation on exposure to the environment has called for the continuous search for materials that can protect its surface from contaminants which could affect its inherent properties. This paper therefore examined the corrosion-resistance, hardness, and microstructure properties of unripe plantain peel (UPP) nanoparticle-reinforced Zn–ZnO–MgO composite coatings deposited on the surface of mild steel (AISI 1015 Carbon Steel). The corrosion properties of the coated steel samples were investigated using the potentiodynamic polarization technique, utilizing simulated seawater (3.65% NaCl solution) as the test medium. The hardness of the coated steel samples was studied using the Brinell hardness method, while the microstructure properties were investigated using XRD and SEM/EDS. The as-received mild steel sample was observed to exhibit a hardness value and corrosion rate of 136.8 kgf/mm2 and 8.6272 mm/year, respectively, while the Zn–10ZnO–10MgO-coated mild steel sample exhibited a hardness value and corrosion rate of 246.53 and 1.7698 mm/year, respectively. Relative to the other samples, the Zn–10ZnO–10MgO–6UPP-coated mild steel (sample coated with 10 g/L of ZnO, 10 g/L of MgO and 6 g/L of UPP) exhibited a highest hardness value and lowest corrosion rate of 254.77 kgf/mm2 and 0.6645 mm/year, respectively. These corrosion rate and hardness values of the Zn–10ZnO–10MgO–6UPP-coated mild steel sample showed that the unripe plantain peel nanoparticles further enhanced the strengthening and passivating ability of Zn–ZnO–MgO–UPP coating. The SEM micrographs revealed that the Zn–ZnO–MgO–UPP coating possessed a more refined microstructure relative to the Zn–ZnO–MgO coating, signifying the grain refining ability of the unripe plantain peel nanoparticles. The EDS additionally indicated the occurrence of crucial and dispersion strengthening elements in the coatings. The XRD profile of the coatings exhibited high intensities, which signified that the coatings have high stability and good texture with microstructural and chemical homogeneity.

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Data availability

The authors declare that the data and list of materials used for this research are included in the manuscript.

Code availability

NOVA 2.1.2 software was used for the corrosion analysis.

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Funding

This research was funded by the authors in collaboration with Surface Engineering Research Centre, Ota, Ogun state, Nigeria.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bells University of Technology, Ogun State, P.M.B. 1015, Ota, Nigeria

    Itopa Godwin Akande, Ojo Sunday Isaac Fayomi & Bassey Jonah Akpan

  2. Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 534, Auckland Park, Johannesburg, South Africa

    Ojo Sunday Isaac Fayomi

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  1. Itopa Godwin Akande
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Contributions

Itopa Godwin Akande: co-supervision of the research, support in the material selection and corrosion analysis, writing the manuscript, reviewing and editing the manuscript, and revised the manuscript. Ojo Sunday Isaac Fayomi: putting forward the concept of the research methodology, and supervision of the research and reviewing of the manuscript. Bassey Jonah Akpan: research analysis, design of experiment, characterization of samples, and writing the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Itopa Godwin Akande.

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Akande, I.G., Fayomi, O.S.I. & Akpan, B.J. Development of UPP nanoparticles reinforced Zn–ZnO–MgO composite coating for corrosion-resistance, hardness, and microstructure property enhancement of AISI 1015 carbon steel for automotive and marine applications. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 123, 999–1008 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-022-10222-2

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