Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Improvement of formability and corrosion resistance of AZ31 magnesium alloy by pulsed current–assisted laser shock forming

  • ORIGINAL ARTICLE
  • Published:
The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study adopted a novel pulse current–assisted laser shock AZ31B sheet micro-forming method (EP-LSF). The mechanism of improving the formability of AZ31B magnesium alloy by pulse current–assisted laser shock forming and the reason of improving the corrosion resistance were studied for the first time. Through laser shock–free bulging experiment, tensile test, optical microscope (OM), and X-ray diffraction, the change in formability was studied. After pulse current assisted–laser shock forming, the forming height of AZ31B magnesium alloy increases by 28.8%, the thinning gradient decreases by 6.7%, and the strain rate–sensitivity coefficient increases to 0.1452. The results show that the decrease of grain size and texture density is the reason why EP-LSF can further improve the formability of AZ31B magnesium alloy. The changes in corrosion resistance were studied by scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical tests. The results show that after EP-LSF, the corrosion current density of AZ31 magnesium alloy decreased, and the electrochemical impedance increased, indicating that this method further improved the corrosion resistance.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Kleiner M, Geiger M, Klaus A (2003) Manufacturing of lightweight components by metal forming. Cirp Ann-Manuf Techn 52:521–542

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Li XP, Tang GY, Kuang J, Li XH, Zhu J (2014) Effect of current frequency on the mechanical properties, microstructure and texture evolution in AZ31 magnesium alloy strips during electroplastic rolling. Mater Sci Eng A 612:406–413

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Ulacia I, Salisbury CP, Hurtado I, Worswick MJ (2011) Tensile characterization and constitutive modeling of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet over wide range of strain rates and temperatures. J Mater Process TECH 211:830–839

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Ma Q, El Kadiri H, Oppedal AL, Baird JC, Li B, Horstemeyer MF, Vogel SC (2012) Twinning effects in a rod-textured AM30 Magnesium alloy. Int J Plasticity 29:60–76

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Zhou WQ, Shan DY, Han EH, Ke W (2008) Structure and formation mechanism of phosphate conversion coating on die-cast AZ91D magnesium alloy. Corros Sci 50:329–337

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Tang Y, Zhu L, Zhang P, Zhao K, Wu Z (2020) Enhanced corrosion resistance of bio-piezoelectric composite coatings on medical magnesium alloys. Corros Sci 176:108939

  7. Nagarajan B, Castagne S, Wang ZK (2013) Mold-free fabrication of 3D microfeatures using laser-induced shock pressure. Appl Surf Sci 268:529–534

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Ye YX, Xuan T, Lian ZC, Hua XJ, Fu YH (2015) Fabricating micro embossments on the metal surface through spatially modulating laser-induced shock wave. Appl Surf Sci 357:678–688

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Zheng C, Tian Z, Zhao X, Tan Y, Zhang G, Zhao G, Ji Z (2020) Effect of pulsed laser parameters on deformation inhomogeneity in laser shock incremental forming of pure copper foil. Opt Laser Technol 127:106205

  10. Liu K, Dong XH, Xie HY, Peng F (2015) Effect of pulsed current on the deformation behavior of AZ31 magnesium alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 623:97–103

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Tan JC, Tan MJ (2003) Dynamic continuous recrystallization characteristics in two stage deformation of Mg-3A-1Zn alloy sheet. Mater Sci Eng A 339:124–132

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Feng F, Huang SY, Meng ZH, Hu JH, Lei Y, Zhou MC, Wu D, Yang ZZ (2014) Experimental study on tensile property of AZ31 magnesium alloy at different high strain rates and temperatures. Mater Design 57:10–20

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Kumar RR, Ismail MY, Vijayarasi VS, Kumar VS (2020) Effect of grain refinement on superplastic forming of magnesium alloy AZ31 under three different conditions using rectangular die. Materials Today: Proceedings 22:364–369

  14. Hui S, Wang ZJ (2011) Grain refinement by means of phase transformation and recrystallization induced by electro-pulsing. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China 21:353–357

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Xu X, Zhang J, Liu HG, He Y, Zhao WH (2019) Grain refinement mechanism under high strain-rate deformation in machined surface during highspeed machining Ti6Al4V. Mater Sci Eng A 752:167–179

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Zhang H, Ren ZC, Liu J, Zhao JY, Liu ZK, Lin D, Zhang RX, Graber MJ, Thomas NK, Kerek ZD, Wang GX, Dong YL, Ye C (2019) Microstructure evolution and electroplasticity in Ti64 subjected to electropulsing-assisted laser shock peening. J Alloys Compd 802:573–582

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Jiang YB, Tang GY, Shek CH, Liu W (2011) Microstructure and texture evolution of the cold-rolled AZ91 magnesium alloy strip under electropulsing treatment. J Alloys Compd 509:4308–4313

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Tiwari S, Mishra S, Odeshi A, Szpunar JA, Chopkar M (2017) Evolution of texture and microstructure during high strain rate torsion of aluminium zinc magnesium copper alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 683:97–102

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Liu YR, Zhang KM, Zou JX, Liu DK, Zhang TC (2018) Effect of the high current pulsed electron beam treatment on the surface microstructure and corrosion resistance of a Mg-4Sm alloy. J Alloys Compd 741:65–75

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Abeens M, Muruganandhan R, Thirumavalavan K (2020) Effect of low energy laser shock peening on plastic deformation wettability and corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy 7075 T651. Optik 219:165045

  21. Caralapatti VK, Narayanswamy S (2017) Effect of high repetition laser shock peening on biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of magnesium. Opt Laser Technol 88:75–84

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Hao YW, Deng B, Zhong C, Jiang YM, Li J (2009) Effect of surface mechanical attrition treatment on corrosion behavior of 316 stainless steel. J Iron Steel Res Int 16:68–72

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Ren L, Yu X, He Y, Wang K, Yao H (2020) Numerical investigation of lateral inertia effect in dynamic impact testing of UHPC using a Split-Hopkinson pressure bar. Conster Build Mater 246:118483

  24. Jacques N, Mercier S, Molinari A (2012) Effects of microscale inertia on dynamic ductile crack growth. J Mech Phys Solids 60:665–690

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Qi C, Xia C, Li X, Sun Y (2019) Effect of inertia and crack propagation on dynamic strength of geologic-type materials. Int J Impact Eng 133:103367

  26. Van Aswegen DC, Polese C (2021) Experimental and analytical investigation of the effects of laser shock peening processing strategy on fatigue crack growth in thin 2024 aluminium alloy panels. Int J Fatigue 142:105969

  27. Kumar A, Paul SK (2020) Healing of fatigue crack in steel with the application of pulsed electric current. Materialia 14:100906

  28. Li MY, Chandra A (1999) Influence of strain-rate sensitivity on necking and instability in sheet metal forming. J Mater Process Tech 96:133–138

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Ren L, Zhou M, Lu T, Fan L, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Boehlert CJ, Quan G (2020) Eutectic phase strengthening and strain rate sensitivity behavior of AZ80 magnesium alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 770:138548

  30. Huang GJ, Qing Q, Wang LY, Xing RL, Chen XP, Pan FS (2008) Microstructure and texture evolution of AZ31 magnesium alloy during rolling. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China 18:170–174

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Pan X, Wang X, Tian Z, He W, Shi X, Chen P, Zhou L (2021) Effect of dynamic recrystallization on texture orientation and grain refinement of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy subjected to laser shock peening. J Alloys Compd 850:156672

  32. Wang LF, Li YQ, Zhang H, Zhang ZY, Yang QS, Zhang Q, Wang HX, Cheng WL, Shin KS, Vedani M (2020) Review: achieving enhanced plasticity of magnesium alloys below recrystallization temperature through various texture control methods. J Mater Res Technol 9:12604–12625

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Gay P, Hirsch PB, Kelly A (1953) The estimation of dislocation densities in metals from X-ray data. Acta Mater 1:315–319

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Dunn CG, Kogh EF (1957) Comparison of dislocation densities of primary and secondary recrystallization grains of Si-Fe. Acta Mater 5:548–554

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Trdan U, Skarba M, Grum J (2014) Laser shock peening effect on the dislocation transitions and grain refinement of Al–Mg–Si alloy. Mater Charact 97:57–68

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Shadangi Y, Chattopadhyay K, Rai SB, Singh V (2015) Effect of LASER shock peening on microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of interstitial free steel. Surf Coat Tech 280:216–224

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Trdan U, Grum J (2012) Evaluation of corrosion resistance of AA6082-T651 aluminium alloy after laser shock peening by means of cyclic polarisation and ElS methods. Corros Sci 59:324–333

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Wang WH, Wu HL, Zan R, Sun Y, Blawert C, Zhang SX, Ni JH, Zheludkevich ML, Zhang XN (2020) Microstructure controls the corrosion behavior of a lean biodegradable Mg–2Zn alloy. Acta Biomater 107:349–361

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Ralston KD, Fabijanic D, Birbilis N (2011) Effect of grain size on corrosion of high purity aluminium. Electrochim Acta 56:1729–1736

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Zhang H, Xue P, Wu LH, Song QN, Wang D, Xiao BL, Ma ZY (2020) Effect of grain ultra-refinement on corrosion behavior of ultra-high strength high nitrogen stainless steel. Corros Sci 174:108847

Download references

Funding

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51675243).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China

    Huixia Liu, Yuhao Sun, Youjuan Ma, Yanchen He & Xiao Wang

Authors
  1. Huixia Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yuhao Sun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Youjuan Ma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yanchen He
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Xiao Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Yuhao Sun wrote the first draft of the paper. All the authors revised and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Huixia Liu.

Ethics declarations

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Liu, H., Sun, Y., Ma, Y. et al. Improvement of formability and corrosion resistance of AZ31 magnesium alloy by pulsed current–assisted laser shock forming. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 120, 6531–6545 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-022-09211-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-022-09211-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation