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CaCO3 derived from eggshell waste for improving the hardness values and wear behavior of composite coating on mild steel via co-deposition

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Abstract

The increased demands for eggs for consumption have large increases in the deposition of eggshells as environmental pollution worldwide and increase high management costs. To reduce the management costs of eggshells, this work attempt was made to utilize eggshells as a source of CaCO3 for improving the hardness values and wear behavior of composite coating on mild steel. The composite coating was produced using 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 g CaCO3-derived eggshell particles. The response surface method was used to determine the influences of applied load, sliding speed, and weight of CaCO3-derived eggshell particles on the wear behavior. The results have shown that Zn- CaCO3-derived eggshell particles composite coatings were successfully formed on mild steel. A 90.17% improvement of hardness values was obtained at Zn-20 g CaCO3-derived eggshell particles. The Zn-20 g CaCO3-derived eggshell particles sample has a lower friction coefficient. Wear rate increase with the increase in applied load and sliding speed. The optimum condition was obtained at CaCO3-derived eggshell particles (+ 1), applied load (− 0.35), and speed (− 0.58) with the lowest wear rate of 0.99 mm3/Nm. It has been recommended that the Zn-20 g CaCO3-derived eggshell particles composite coating of mild steel can be used in areas where wear and roller body are paramount.

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Acknowledgements

The authors hereby appreciate and acknowledge the Africa Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Power and Energy Development, ACE-SPED, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa for their support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT) Kaduna, Kaduna, Nigeria

    Sani Mohammed Adams

  2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Delta State University, Oleh Campus P.M.B 1, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria

    Eguakhide Atikpo

  3. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

    Sani Mohammed Adams, Victor Sunday Aigbodion &  Romanus.Njoku

  4. Africa Centre of Excellence, ACE-SPED University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

    Victor Sunday Aigbodion & Longinus Ifeanyichi Odo

  5. Department of Mechanical Engineering Science, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 534, Auckland Park, South Africa

    Victor Sunday Aigbodion

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  1. Sani Mohammed Adams
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Correspondence to Victor Sunday Aigbodion.

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Adams, S.M., Atikpo, E., Aigbodion, V.S. et al. CaCO3 derived from eggshell waste for improving the hardness values and wear behavior of composite coating on mild steel via co-deposition. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 119, 5483–5496 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-08492-3

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