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Prediction of tensile strength and assessing the influence of process parameters of magnetically impelled arc butt welded AISI 409 ferritic stainless steel tubes

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Abstract

Magnetically impelled arc butt (MIAB) welding is the modern version of the ancient forge welding. The abutting edges are preheated by a rotating arc and upset subsequently. This research work is focused on joining 4-mm thick AISI 409 ferritic stainless steel (FSS) tubes using MIAB welding. Three process parameters namely arc rotation current, upset current, and arc rotation time were varied during welding at five levels according to the chosen central composite design (CCD) of experiments. An empirical relationship was developed to predict the effect of process parameters on the joint strength. The macrostructure and microstructure observations were used to comprehend the predicted plots. Weld zone was composed of fine-grained and deformed structure due to the application of heat and pressure and called as thermo mechanically affected zone (TMAZ). Factors such as poorly forged structure, voids, and oxide particles influenced the joint strength adversely. In spite of significant strengthening of the TMAZ, a clearly forged interface was essential to obtain higher joint strength.

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Data availability

The raw/processed data required to reproduce these findings cannot be shared at this time due to legal or ethical reasons. The raw/processed data required to reproduce these findings cannot be shared at this time due to technical or time limitations.

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Acknowledgements

Authors are grateful to Welding Research Institute at Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited, Tiruchirappalli, Speed Spark EDM at Coimbatore, Microscopy lab at the University of Johannesburg, OIM and Texture Lab at Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, and The South India Textile Research Association for providing the facilities to carry out this investigation.

Funding

No funding was received to execute this project from any funding body. All the expenses were borne by the authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India

    Thiyagarajan Muthu Krishnan

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering Science, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway Campus, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2006, South Africa

    Isaac Dinaharan

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shaqra University, Dawadmi, Riyadh, 11911, Saudi Arabia

    Ramaswamy Palanivel

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Guindy, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600025, India

    Chinnasamy Balamurugan

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  1. Thiyagarajan Muthu Krishnan
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  2. Isaac Dinaharan
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  3. Ramaswamy Palanivel
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  4. Chinnasamy Balamurugan
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Contributions

T. Muthu Krishnan: conceptualization, investigation, project administration, data curation, proofreading. I. Dinaharan: conceptualization, investigation, data curation, writing—original draft, supervision. R. Palanivel: investigation, data curation, proofreading. C. Balamurugan: data curation, proofreading.

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Correspondence to Thiyagarajan Muthu Krishnan.

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Krishnan, T.M., Dinaharan, I., Palanivel, R. et al. Prediction of tensile strength and assessing the influence of process parameters of magnetically impelled arc butt welded AISI 409 ferritic stainless steel tubes. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 118, 417–432 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-07892-9

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