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In situ electro-plastic treatment for thermomechanical processing of CP titanium

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Abstract

Titanium and its alloys have been used in a broad range of products such as biomedical implants due to their high specific strength, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. Improvement in microstructure and mechanical properties of commercially pure (CP) titanium is usually performed by cold rolling and controlled atmosphere heat treatment. However, this is an energy-intensive, expensive, and a multi-stage process to achieve the desired properties. Hence, to address these challenges, in this study, the effects of an in situ electro-plastic treatment (ISEPT) on the microstructure evolution of CP titanium have been studied. The deformation load and electric current in this treatment were applied in the same direction (in situ) to maximize the electro-plastic effect. Simultaneous electric current and strain application created a condition for dynamic recrystallization to occur at low temperature and under atmospheric conditions, thus reducing the cost and energy for manufacturing in a single process. The rapid heating and cooling prevented the oxidation of titanium to a large degree, eliminating the requirements for costly inert gas or vacuum. The results showed rapid recrystallization of CP titanium at 3.2 mm/s roller surface speed. Recrystallization led to a reduction in average grain size to 7 μm with 18% increase in microhardness. Pre-cold rolling of the CP-Ti structure enhanced grain refinement due to the introduction of dislocations and the applied electric current interactions. The SEM and XRD investigations revealed the relationship between the ISEPT treatment and the evolution of microstructure in CP-Ti. The effect of specimen geometry on the ISEPT was discussed.

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The raw/processed data and materials required to reproduce these findings cannot be shared at this time as the data also forms part of an ongoing study.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank and acknowledge the technical and scientific assistance of Emma Regos, Malisja de Vries, and Aaron Seeber from CSIRO, Clayton, Victoria, and Rizwan Abdul Rahman Rashid from Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria.

Funding

This project is supported by funded by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) and Swinburne University of Technology, Victoria, Australia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia

    Mohammed Abdul Khalik, Syed H. Masood & Suresh Palanisamy

  2. CSIRO, Clayton, VIC, Australia

    Mohammed Abdul Khalik, Saden H. Zahiri & Stefan Gulizia

Authors
  1. Mohammed Abdul Khalik
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  2. Saden H. Zahiri
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  3. Syed H. Masood
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  4. Suresh Palanisamy
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  5. Stefan Gulizia
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Contributions

Mohammed Abdul Khalik (MAK): Contributed towards carrying out the research work writing the manuscript

Saden H. Zahiri: Concept development and initial experimental work co-supervision and contribution towards manuscript

Syed H. Masood: Primary supervisor of this project, working with MAK, and contribution towards manuscript

Suresh Palanisamy: Co-supervisor of MAK, contribution towards materials characterization, and writing of the manuscript

Stefan Gulizia: Co-supervision

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Suresh Palanisamy.

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All the authors consent to participate and contributed towards this work and publication in IJAMT journal.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Khalik, M.A., Zahiri, S.H., Masood, S.H. et al. In situ electro-plastic treatment for thermomechanical processing of CP titanium. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 115, 2639–2657 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-07342-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-07342-6

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