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Temperature of the 45 steel in the minimum quantity lubricant milling with different biolubricants

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Abstract

The conventional flood cooling is neither economically viable nor eco-friendly in the cutting process. The vegetable oil is biodegradable and environmentally friendly used as base oil for the minimum quantity lubricant (MQL) cutting, but the temperature field in the milling zone with different vegetable oils as lubricants remains unclear. The temperature of the MQL milling of the 45 steel was studied with cottonseed, palm, castor, soybean, and peanut oils as base oils. The effects of the fatty acid composition, carbon chain length, thermal conductivity, and viscosity on the milling temperature were also considered. The temperature distribution of the milling of the 45 steel with five different vegetable oils was simulated, showing that the cottonseed and the palm oils had good cooling effect. Experimental results were consistent with the findings obtained using the temperature simulation analysis. Compared with that of the flood milling, the temperature of the MQL milling with different vegetable oils decreased, and the temperature was reduced by 67.4% when the cottonseed oil was used. The surface quality of the workpiece was improved during the MQL milling. When the cottonseed oil was used as lubricant, the surface roughness (Ra) values decreased by 41.5%, 53%, and 50.2% when the cottonseed, palm, and castor oils, respectively, were used as lubricating fluids, which indicated that the advantages of biolubricants as base oils especially cottonseed, palm, and castor oils could be used as base oils for the MQL milling.

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Availability of data and materials

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

MQLM:

Minimum quantity lubrication milling

MQCL:

Minimum quantity cooling lubrication

NMQL:

Nanoparticle minimum quantity lubrication

VMQL:

Vegetable minimum quantity lubrication

LAM:

Laser-assisted machining

F x, F y , F z :

Cutting force component in the (x, y, z) directions (N)

F max :

Mean milling force peak (N)

\( {\overline{F}}_{\mathrm{max}} \) :

Average milling force peak (N)

R a :

Arithmetic average height (μm)

T :

Temperature (°C)

t :

Time (s)

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Funding

This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51806112 and 51575290); Scientific Research Development Project of Shandong Higher Education Institutions, China (J17KB016 and J18KA017); Technology Project of Qingdao Binhai University (2019KY02, 2020KY06); and Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China (ZR2017PEE002 and ZR2017PEE011).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Engineering and Technology R&D Center of Mechanical and Electrical in Colleges of Shandong, Qingdao Binhai University, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China, 266555

    Lan Dong, Xiufang Bai, Wei Gao & Xiaojie Lv

  2. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao Binhai University, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China, 266555

    Lan Dong, Fengmin Zhou, Xiufang Bai, Wei Gao, Xiaopeng Li & Xiaojie Lv

  3. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China, 266520

    Changhe Li & Zhengjing Duan

  4. Qingdao Hainei Environmental Protection Technology Limited Company, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China, 266033

    Fengbiao Zhang

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  1. Lan Dong
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All authors named on the manuscript have made a significant to the writing, concept, execution, or interpretation of the work represented.

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Correspondence to Changhe Li or Xiufang Bai.

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Dong, L., Li, C., Zhou, F. et al. Temperature of the 45 steel in the minimum quantity lubricant milling with different biolubricants. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 113, 2779–2790 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-06708-0

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