Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A comparison study on wear characteristics of Ni-based, Co-based and Fe-based alloys for heated hot stamping tools manufactured by surfacing technology

  • ORIGINAL ARTICLE
  • Published:
The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

To meet the demanding requirement of ultra-high-strength steel parts with tailored properties, heated hot stamping tools are becoming widely used. However, due to severe working conditions, wear on tool surface is serious. Therefore, the service life of heated hot stamping tools is limited. In this paper, with the purpose of improving the service life of heated hot stamping tools, we aim to find a suitable alloy with better wear-resistant properties to manufacture heated hot stamping tools by surfacing technology. Thus, wear comparison tests between SDCM steel and specimens made of Ni-based, Co-based and Fe-based alloys were conducted under 500 °C and 180 N normal load to determine which kind of alloy has the best wear-resistant properties. Specifically, the mechanical properties, worn volume, worn morphologies and wear mechanisms of test materials were investigated. The results indicate that the Fe-based alloy has the highest compressive yield strength and hardness, but the Co-based alloy has the lowest worn volume, which is 0.49 mm3 at 20 min and 0.70 mm3 at 90 min. And there is no obvious positive relationship between the mechanical properties and the wear-resistant properties of the test materials under the test conditions. The common wear characteristic of the four test materials is that their main wear mechanisms are oxidation wear. The Co-based alloy has the moderate mechanical properties, and its wear mechanisms are oxidation wear and adhesive wear; thus, shear tearing, material transfer and severe abrasive wear are avoided, and the oxide layers adhere to its worn surface instead of spalling. Therefore, the Co-based alloy manifests the best wear-resistant properties and is chosen as the surfacing materials for heated hot stamping tools.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Mori K, Bariani PF, Behrens B-A, Brosius A, Bruschi S, Maeno T, Merklein M, Yanagimoto J (2017) Hot stamping of ultra-high strength steel parts. CIRP Ann 66:755–777

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Quan G-z, Wang T, Zhang L (2017) Research on the influence of hot stamping process parameters on phase field evolution by thermal-mechanical phase coupling finite element. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 89:145–161

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Zhang P, Zhu L, Luo S, Luo J (2019) Hot stamping forming and finite element simulation of USIBOR1500 high-strength steel. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 103:3187–3197

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Merklein M, Wieland M, Lechner M, Bruschi S, Ghiotti A (2016) Hot stamping of boron steel sheets with tailored properties: a review. J Mater Process Technol 228:11–24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. George R, Bardelcik A, Worswick MJ (2012) Hot forming of boron steels using heated and cooled tooling for tailored properties. J Mater Process Technol 212:2386–2399

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Quan G-z, Zhan Z-y, Zhang L, Wu D-s, Luo G-c, Xia Y-f (2016) A study on the multi-phase transformation kinetics of ultra-high strength steel and application in thermal-mechanical-phase coupling simulation of hot stamping process. Materials Science & Engineering A 673:24–38

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Yanhong M, Zhou J, Wang B, Wang Q, Ghiotti A, Bruschi S (2018) Numerical simulation of hot stamping by partition heating based on advanced constitutive modelling of 22MnB5 behaviour. Finite Elem Anal Des 147:34–44

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Ghiotti A, Bruschi S, Medea F, Hamasaiid A (2016) Tribological behavior of high thermal conductivity steels for hot tamping tools. Tribol Int 97:412–422

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Zheng H, Cong M, Dong H, Liu Y, Dong L (2017) CAD-based automatic path generation and optimization for laser cladding robot in additive manufacturing. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 92:3605–3614

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Ahn D-G (2013) Hardfacing technologies for improvement of wear characteristics of hot working tools: a review. Int J Precis Eng Manuf 14:1271–1283

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Zhang J, Zhou J, Tao Y, Shen L, Li M (2015) The microstructure and properties change of dies manufactured by bimetal-gradient-layer surfacing technology. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 80:1807–1814

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Rynio C, Hattendorf H, Klöwer J, Eggeler G (2014) The evolution of tribolayers during high temperature sliding wear. Wear 315:1–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Motallebzadeh A, Atar E, Cimenoglu H (2015) Sliding wear characteristics of molybdenum containing Stellite12 coating at elevated temperatures. Tribol Int 91:40–47

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Coronado JJ, Caicedo HF, Gómez AL (2009) The effects of welding processes on abrasive wear resistance for hardfacing deposits. Tribol Int 42:745–749

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Hejwowski T (2006) Sliding wear resistance of Fe-, Ni- and Co-based alloys for plasma deposition. Vacuum 80:1326–1330

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Shen L, Zhou J, Ma X, Lu XZ, Tu JW, Shang X, Gao F, Zhang JS (2017) Microstructure and mechanical properties of hot forging die manufactured by bimetal-layer surfacing technology. J Mater Process Technol 239:147–159

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Osakada K, Mori K, Altan T, Groche P (2011) Mechanical servo press technology for metal forming. CIRP Ann 60:651–672

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Fernandes F, Lopes B, Cavaleiro A, Ramalho A, Loureiro A (2011) Effect of arc current on microstructure and wear characteristics of a Ni-based coating deposited by PTA on gray cast iron. Surface & Coatings Technology 205:4094–4106

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Brownlie F, Hodgkiess T, Pearson A, Galloway AM (2017) Effect of nitriding on the corrosive wear performance of a single and double layer Stellite 6 weld cladding. Wear 376-377:1279–1285

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Gao F, Zhou J, Zhou J, Shen L, Zhang J, Tao YP, Li MY (2017) Microstructure and properties of surfacing layers of dies manufactured by bimetal-gradient-layer surfacing technology before and after service. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 88:1289–1297

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Li S, Wu X, Li X, Li J, He X (2016) Wear characteristics of Mo-W-type hot-work steel at high temperature. Tribol Lett 64:32

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Zhang P, Li M, Yan H, Chen J, Yu Z, Ye X (2019) Microstructure evolution of Ni-Mo-Fe-Si quaternary metal silicide alloy composite coatings by laser cladding on pure Ni. J Alloys Compd 785:984–1000

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Shi Z, Yu Y, Wang Y, Zhang D, Dai L, Wang M (2019) Effect of nickel content on the processing and microstructure evolution of Co–Cr–Mo–Ni alloys. Materials Science & Engineering A 759:195–202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Deng X, Zhang G, Wang T, Ren S, Bai Z, Cao Q (2018) Investigations on microstructure and wear resistance of Fe-Mo alloy coating fabricated by plasma transferred arc cladding. Surface & Coatings Technology 350:480–487

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Hao ZP, Fan YH, Lin JQ, Yu ZX (2015) Wear characteristics and wear control method of PVD-coated carbide tool in turning Inconel 718. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 78:1329–1336

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Zhang T, Lan H, Yu S, Huang C, Du L, Zhang W (2017) High-temperature solid lubricant coating by plasma spraying using metal-metal clad powders. J Therm Spray Tech 26:1268–1278

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Guoqing C, Xuesong F, Yanhui W, Shan L, Wenlong Z (2013) Microstructure and wear properties of nickel-based surfacing deposited by plasma transferred arc welding. Surface & Coatings Technology 228:276–282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Zhen J, Cheng J, Zhu S, Hao J, Qiao Z, Yang J, Liu W (2017) High-temperature tribological behavior of a nickel alloy matrix solid-lubricating composite under vacuum. Tribol Int 110:52–56

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Xu J, Li Z, Zhu W, Liu Z, Liu W (2006) The comparative study of thermal fatigue behavior of laser deep penetration spot cladding coating and brush plating Ni-W-Co coating. Appl Surf Sci 253:2618–2624

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Falqueto LE, Butkus DJ, De Mello JDB, Bozzi AC, Scandian C (2017) Sliding wear of cobalt-based alloys used in rolling seamless tubes. Wear 376-377:1739–1746

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Zeisig J, Schädlich N, Giebeler L, Sander J, Eckert J, Kühn U, Hufenbach J (2017) Microstructure and abrasive wear behavior of a novel FeCrMoVC laser cladding alloy for high-performance tool steels. Wear 382–383:107–112

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This research was supported by Chongqing Technological Innovation and Application Demonstration Industry Key R&D Project, cstc2018jszx-cyzdX0121, and New Materials and Metallurgical New Technologies Frontier Scientific and Technological Innovation (2019), 2019CDXYCL0031.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China

    Kemin Zhang, Jie Zhou, Mengmeng Zhang, Shixin Peng, Zhu Su & Jiansheng Zhang

  2. Chongqing Jie Pin Technology Co., Ltd., Chongqing, 400044, China

    Jiansheng Zhang

Authors
  1. Kemin Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jie Zhou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mengmeng Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Shixin Peng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Zhu Su
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Jiansheng Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jie Zhou.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhang, K., Zhou, J., Zhang, M. et al. A comparison study on wear characteristics of Ni-based, Co-based and Fe-based alloys for heated hot stamping tools manufactured by surfacing technology. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 106, 3659–3668 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-019-04888-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-019-04888-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation