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A numerical investigation for alternative toolpath deposition solutions for surface cladding of stainless steel P420 powder on AISI 1018 steel substrate

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Abstract

The thermal cycling in the coaxial laser cladding process can cause significant variations in the strength of cladded parts as well as the development of residual stresses, large distortions, and even cracking. In the current study, the hardness variations, induced residual stress distribution, and the developed distortion characteristics of cladded parts are examined for different deposition tool paths. The research is conducted by means of numerical simulations validated by experimental results for selected surface cladding deposition strategies. The specimens were made using P420 stainless steel powder clad onto an AISI 1918 substrate. In the previous studies by the authors, it was found that the transient thermal solution using a moving heat source simulation technique required several days of computational time for small cladded parts, making it impractical for industrial applications. In the present research work, a modeling approach using a steady-state thermal solution was proposed. This technique produced similar results for hardness and residual stress in a shorter time period, but the resulted distortion values were not accurate. Consequently, a thermo-mechanical modeling approach was adopted that provided virtual distortion solutions correlating well with the experimental results. These models were subsequently employed to explore various process planning scenarios. The effect of surface cladding deposition patterns, the substrate dimensions, the plate dimension’s aspect ratio, and the time gap between beads deposition were simulated and the strength and physical defects of the clad layer results are compared. Moreover, the mechanical response and properties for a full-scale gasket part is investigated as an example representing an industrial application.

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Acknowledgments

This research is funded by the Ontario Center of Excellence Collaborative Research program, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada through the Discovery Grant, and Mitacs. The authors would like to thank the industry sponsor, Mr. Robert Hedrick of Camufacturing Solutions Inc. for the partial funding and resources he has provided for this research project.

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  1. Department of Mechanical, Automotive, & Materials Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada

    Navid Nazemi & Ruth Jill Urbanic

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  1. Navid Nazemi
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  2. Ruth Jill Urbanic
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Correspondence to Navid Nazemi.

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Nazemi, N., Urbanic, R.J. A numerical investigation for alternative toolpath deposition solutions for surface cladding of stainless steel P420 powder on AISI 1018 steel substrate. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 96, 4123–4143 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-018-1840-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-018-1840-1

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