Abstract
We perform forward extrusion integrated torsional deformation of AZ31 Mg alloys. Grains in the alloys are found to be refined with weakened basal texture, resulting in significantly improved mechanical properties. The yield strength and elongation of the single-extruded alloy are 82 MPa and 16.3 %, respectively, yet are increased to 95 MPa and 29.2 %, respectively, after a secondary extrusion at 523 K. We also find that the double extrusion ratio plays a critical role in refining grains, and that the torsional deformation is critical to improving the homogeneity of microstructures and weakening basal texture. Grains are found to turn coarsened with the rise of double extrusion temperature, which lowers the mechanical properties of the alloys. A superior mechanical anisotropy is obtained in the AZ31 alloys after double extrusion.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Sun YD, Chen QR, Sun WJ (2015) Numerical simulation of extrusion process and die structure optimization for a complex magnesium doorframe. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 80:495–506
Xie X, Shen J, Gong FB, Wu D, Zhang T, Luo X, Li Y (2016) Effects of dwell time on the microstructures and mechanical properties of water bath friction stir spot-welded AZ31 magnesium alloy joints. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 82:75–83
Ji DW, Liu CM, Tang LC, Wan YC, Huang C (2014) Microstructures and mechanical properties of a hot extruded Mg–4.45Zn–0.46Y–0.76Zr alloy plate. Mater Des 53:602–610
Hu HJ, Wang H, Zhai ZY, Li YY, Fan JZ, Ou ZW (2015) Effects of channel angles on extrusion-shear for AZ31 magnesium alloy: modeling and experiments. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 76:1621–1630
Li X, Qi W (2013) Effect of initial texture on texture and microstructure evolution of ME20 Mg alloy subjected to hot rolling. Mater Sci Eng A 560:321–331
Suresh K, Rao KP, Prasad YVRK, Hort N, Kainer KU (2014) Study of hot forging behavior of as-cast Mg–3Al–1Zn–2Ca alloy towards optimization of its hot workability. Mater Des 57:697–704
Hu HJ, Wang H, Zhai ZY, Li YY, Fan JZ, Ou ZW (2014) The influences of shear deformation on the evolutions of the extrusion shear for magnesium alloy. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 74:423–432
Lu LW, Liu TM, Chen Y, Wang LG, Wang ZC (2012) Double change channel angular pressing of magnesium alloys AZ31. Mater Des 35:138–143
Wu BL, Wan G, Zhang YD, Du XH, Wagner F, Esling C (2010) Fragmentation of large grains in AZ31 magnesium alloy during ECAE via route A. Mater Sci Eng A 527:3365–3372
Akbaripanah F, Fereshteh-Saniee F, Mahmudi R, Kim HK (2013) Microstructural homogeneity, texture, tensile and shear behavior of AM60 magnesium alloy produced by extrusion and equal channel angular pressing. Mater Des 43:31–39
Al-Maharbi M, Karaman I, Beyerlein IJ, Foley D, Hartwig KT, Kecskes LJ, Mathaudhu SN (2011) Microstructure, crystallographic texture, and plastic anisotropy evolution in an Mg alloy during equal channel angular extrusion processing. Mater Sci Eng A 528:7616–7627
Wu YP, Zhang XM, Deng YL, Tang CP, Zhong YY (2014) Effect of secondary extrusion on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a Mg–RE alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 515:148–154
Du YZ, Zheng MY, Qiao XG, Wu K, Liu XD, Wang GJ, Lv XY, Li MJ, Liu XL, Wang ZJ, Liu YT (2014) The effect of double extrusion on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–Zn–Ca alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 583:69–77
Li X, Qi W, Zheng K, Zhou N (2013) Enhanced strength and ductility of Mg-Gd-Y-Zr alloys by secondary extrusion. J Magnes Alloy 1:54–63
Ying T, Huang JP, Zheng MY, WU K (2012) Influence of secondary extrusion on microstructures and mechanical properties of ZK60 Mg alloy processed by extrusion and ECAP. Trans Nonferrous Metals Soc China 22:1896–1901
Jiang JF, Wang Y, Du ZM, Qu JJ, Sun Y, Luo SJ (2010) Enhancing room temperature mechanical properties of Mg-9Al-Zn alloy by multi-pass equal channel angular extrusion. J Mater Process Technol 210:751–758
Lu LW, Liu TM, Jiang S, Pan FS, Liu Q, Wang ZC (2010) Microstructure and mechanical property of dual-directional-extruded Mg alloy AZ31. Mater Sci Eng A 527:4050–4055
Lu LW, Liu TM, Chen J, Wang ZC (2012) Microstructure and corrosion behavior of AZ31 alloys prepared by dual directional extrusion. Mater Des 36:687–693
Valle JA, Ruano OA (2008) Superplasticity in a magnesium alloy prepared with bimodal grain size distributions developed by dynamic recrystallisation. Mater Lett 62:3391–3394
Ma JJ, Yang XY, Sun H, Huo QH, Wang J, Qin J (2013) Anisotropy in the mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy after being compressed at high temperatures (up to 823 K). Mater Sci Eng A 584:156–162
Lu LW, Liu TM, Chen Y, Wang ZC (2012) Deformation and fracture behavior of hot extruded Mg alloys AZ31. Mater Charact 67:93–100
Muralidhar A, Narendranath S, Nayaka HS (2013) Effect of equal channel angular pressing on AZ31 wrought magnesium alloys. J Magnes Alloy 1:336–340
Mirza FA, Chen DL, Li DJ, Zeng XQ (2013) Effect of rare earth elements on deformation behavior of an extruded Mg–10Gd–3Y–0.5Zr alloy during compression. Mater Des 46:411–418
Sarker D, Chen DL (2013) Texture transformation in an extruded magnesium alloy under pressure. Mater Sci Eng A 582:63–67
Gu CF, Tóth LS, Field DP, Fundenberger JJ, Zhang YD (2013) Room temperature equal-channel angular pressing of a magnesium alloy. Acta Mater 61:3027–3036
Kim WJ, An CW, Kim YS, Hong SI (2002) Mechanical properties and microstructures of an AZ61 Mg alloy produced by equal channel angular pressing. Scr Mater 47:39–44
Liu X, Jonas JJ, Li LX, Zhu BW (2013) Flow softening, twinning and dynamic recrystallization in AZ31 magnesium. Mater Sci Eng A 583:242–253
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lu, L., Liu, C., Yin, Z. et al. Double extrusion of Mg-Al-Zn alloys. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 89, 869–875 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-016-9146-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-016-9146-7