Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Characterization of mechanical properties of Al-6063 deformed by ECAE

  • ORIGINAL ARTICLE
  • Published:
The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The production of refined grain materials by equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) method has been the subject of numerous research programs over the past decades. In this study, the mechanical properties of commercially Al-6063 alloy deformed through ECAE process are investigated. The extrusion is performed up to six passes at a constant speed of 30 mm/min and a temperature of 200 °C. The grain size of the material reduced from 45to 2.8 μm after six passes. The extruded specimens were tested under quasi-static, medium, and high strain rate loadings using various testing machines. The results indicated that the tensile yield stress (YS) and the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of the extruded specimens increased significantly after five passes of the ECAE process. The major improvement occurred after the first pass. For the subsequent passes, the properties kept improving but at lower rates. It was also shown that the tensile properties of the processed specimens are not influenced by the strain rate.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Srinivasan R, Prabir K, Chaudhury P K, Cherukuri B, Han Q, Swenson D, Gros P (2006) Continuous severe plastic deformation processing of aluminum alloys. Master thesis Wright State University

  2. Xia K, Wu X (2005) Back pressure equal channel angular consolidation of pure Al particles. Scr Mater 53:1225–1229

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Azushima A, Kopp R, Korhonen A, Yang DY, Micari F, Lahoti GD, Groche P, Yanagimoto J, Tsuji N, Rosochowski A, Yanagida A (2008) Severe plastic deformation (SPD) processes for metals. CIRP Ann Manuf Technol 57:716–735

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Hockauf M, Meyer LW, Musch D, Zillmann B (2008) Combining equal-channel angular extrusion (ECAE) and heat treatment for achieving high strength and moderate ductility in an Al-Cu alloy. Mater Sci Forum 584:685–690

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Tham YW, Fu MW, Hng HH, Yong MS, Lim KB (2007) Study of deformation homogeneity in the multi-pass equal channel angular extrusion process. J Mater Process Technol 192–193:575–581

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Gao L, Cheng X (2008) Microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu–10%Al–4%Fe alloy produced by equal channel angular extrusion. Mater Des 29:904–908

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Valiev RZ, Langdon TG (2006) Principles of equal-channel angular pressing as a processing tool for grain refinement. Prog Mater Sci 51:881–981

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Olejnik L, Rosochowski A (2005) Methods of fabricating metals for nano-technology. Bull Pol Acad 53:413–423

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Basavaraj VP, Uday Ch, Prasanna Kumar TS (2008) Influence of friction in equal channel angular pressing—a study with simulation. Proceedings of the 17th International Conference of Metallurgy and Materials (Metal 2008), Czech Rep. 1-9

  10. Kim DI, Yang DY, Yoon JW (2010) Microstructural evolution and its effect on mechanical properties of commercially pure aluminum deformed by ECAE (equal channel angular extrusion) via routes A and C. Mater Sci Eng A 527:7927–7930

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Li S (2009) Texture evolution by shear on two planes during ECAP of a high-strength aluminum alloy. Scr Mater 60:356–358

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Fu MW, Tham YW, Hing HH, Lim KB (2009) The grain refinement of Al-6061 via ECAE processing: deformation behavior, microstructure and property. Mater Sci Eng A 526:84–92

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Serban N, Cojocaru VD, Butu M (2012) Mechanical behavior and microstructural development of 6063-T1 aluminum alloy processed by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP): pass number influence. JOM 64:607–614

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Heffner W (2008) Microstructure development in 6000 series aluminum alloys processed via equal channel angular extrusion. In College of Engineering, Florida State University

  15. Khan AS, Meredith CS (2010) Thermo-mechanical response of Al 6061 with and without equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). Int J Plast 26:189–203

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. Chen YC, Huang YY, Chang CP, Kao PW (2003) The effect of extrusion temperature on the development of deformation microstructures in 5052 aluminum alloy processed by equal channel angular extrusion. Acta Mater 51:2005–2015

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Rebhi MT, Njah N, Champion Y, Couzinié JP (2009) Characterization of aluminum processed by equal channel angular extrusion: effect of pressing route. Mater Charact 60:1489–1495

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. El-Danaf EA (2011) Mechanical properties, microstructure and texture of single pass equal channel angular pressed 1050, 5083, 6082 and 7010 aluminum alloys with different dies. Mater Des 32:3839–3853

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Oleg VM, Jacob RB, Lathabai S (2010) Quantification of microstructure refinement in aluminum deformed by equal channel angular extrusion: route A vs. route BC in a 90°die. Scr Mater 63:20–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Poortmans S, Duchêne L, Habraken AM, Verlinden B (2009) Modelling compression tests on aluminium produced by equal channel angular extrusion. Acta Mater 57:1821–1830

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Majzoobi GH, Barton DC, Ramezani M (2007) Stress wave effects in the flying wedge high strain rate tensile testing device. J Strain Anal 42:1–11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Claves SR (2002) Characterization and analysis of the localized deformation of 6xxx aluminum alloy extrudates. Ms Thesis Lehigh University

  23. Juan AL, Beatriz SP, Voort GFV (2014) Effect of processing steps on the mechanical properties and surface appearance of 6063 aluminum extruded products. Mater 7:4224–4242

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Warmuzek M (2004) Aluminum-silicon casting alloys: an atlas of microfractographs. ASM International 39-44

  25. Majzoobi GH (1990) Experimental and numerical studies of metal deformation and fracture at high strain rates. PhD Thesis University of Leeds, UK

    Google Scholar 

  26. Cojocaru VD, Serban N, Raducanu D, Cinca I, Saban R (2010) Microstructural observations of fracture surfaces for IA 6063-T1 ECAP processed aluminum alloy. U.P.B. Sci Bull 72:163–173

    Google Scholar 

  27. Kucukomeroglu T (2010) Effect of equal-channel angular extrusion on mechanical and wear properties of eutectic Al–12Si alloy. Mater Des 31:782–789

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran

    Gholam-Hussain Majzoobi & Jamshid Nemati

  2. College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK

    Mohammad Kazem Pipelzadeh

  3. Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

    Jamshid Nemati & Shamsuddin Sulaiman

Authors
  1. Gholam-Hussain Majzoobi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jamshid Nemati
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mohammad Kazem Pipelzadeh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Shamsuddin Sulaiman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohammad Kazem Pipelzadeh.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Majzoobi, GH., Nemati, J., Pipelzadeh, M.K. et al. Characterization of mechanical properties of Al-6063 deformed by ECAE. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 84, 663–672 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-015-7709-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-015-7709-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation