Skip to main content
Log in

On the role of form defects in assemblies subject to local deformations and mechanical loads

  • ORIGINAL ARTICLE
  • Published:
The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Tolerancing activity is usually based on the traditional assumptions that surfaces have no form defects and are rigid under external loads. These assumptions tend to simplify the tolerance analysis of mechanical assemblies and hence the allocation of geometrical specifications. The present paper proposes an original procedure to systematically analyze and quantify the assembly of parts with form and position defects and deformable contact surfaces. Based on this procedure, stochastic simulations are performed by modifying the ratio between the position defects and form defects of surfaces. Even if the form defects are limited, they can lead to a non-compliant assembly. Clearly, the engineer's traditional approach, where form defects are assumed to have no influence, is generally not appropriate if we are to ensure that the expected performance is to be achieved on assembly.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Grandjean J, Ledoux Y, Samper S (2011) Influence of form errors in plane surfaces assemblies, IMProVe, International Conference on Innovative Methods in Product Design, Venice, Italy, 15-17/6

  2. Chang M and Gossard DC (1997) Modeling the assembly of compliant, non-ideal parts, computer-aided design. Vol. 29, No. 10, pp. 701–708

  3. Cid G, Thiebaut F, Bourdet P, Falgarone H (2007) Geometrical study of assembly behaviour, taking into accounts rigid components' deviations, actual geometric variations and deformations, J.K. Davidson (Ed), Models for computer-aided tolerancing in design and manufacturing, 301 310 Springer

  4. Jack Hu S, Camelio J (2006) Modeling and control of compliant assembly systems. CIRP Ann Manuf Technol 55(1):19–22

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Stewart ML, Chase KW (2005) Variation simulation of textured assembly for compliant structures using piecewise-linear analysis. Am Soc Mech Eng 16–1:591–600

    Google Scholar 

  6. Söderberg R, Lindkvist L, Dahlström S (2006) Computer-aided robustness analysis for compliant assemblies. J Eng Des 17:411–428

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Xie K, Wells L, Camelio JA, Youn BD (2007) Variation propagation analysis on compliant assemblies considering contact interaction. J Manuf Sci Eng Trans ASME 129(5):934–942

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Pierre L, Teissandier D, Nadeau JP (2009) Integration of thermomechanical strains into tolerancing analysis. Int J Interact Des Manuf 3:247–263

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Bhushan B (1998) Contact mechanics of rough surfaces in tribology: multiple asperity Contact. Tribol Lett 4:1–35

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Yu MM-H, Bhushan B (1996) Contact analysis of three-dimensional rough surfaces under frictionless and frictional contact. Wear 200(1–2):265–280

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Samper S, Adragna PA, Favreliere H, Pillet M (2009) Modeling of 2D and 3D assemblies taking into account form errors of plane surfaces. J Comput Inf SciEng Vol. 9–4

  12. Le H. N., Ledoux Y., Darnis P., Ballu A., Experimental comparison between displacements and surface defects measurements applied to planar joint, IMProVe, International Conference on Innovative Methods in Product Design, Venice, Italy, 15-17/6, 2011

  13. Turner JU (1993) A feasibility space approach for automated tolerancing. J Eng Ind 115:341–346

    Google Scholar 

  14. Giordano M, Duret D, Tichadou S (1992) Clearance space in volumic dimensioning. Anal CIRP 41/1:565–568

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Giordano M, Pairel E, Samper S (1999) Mathematical representation of tolerance zones, Proceedings of 6th CIRP seminar on computer-aided tolerancing, Kluwer, 177–186

  16. Bourdet P, Ballot E (1995) Geometrical behavior laws for computer-aided tolerancing. Proceedings of 4th CIRP Seminar on Computer Aided Tolerancing (ed. F. Kimura), pp. 143–153

  17. Clozel P (2001) 3D tolerances analysis from preliminary study, Proceedings of the 7th CIRP Seminar on Computer Aided Tolerancing (ed. P. Bourdet & L. Mathieu), pp. 93–104, Kluwer academic publisher

  18. Clément A, Bourdet P (1988) A study of optimal-criteria identification based on the small-displacement screw model. Annals of the CIRP Vol. 37/1/1988, ISBN 1-40201423-6

  19. Ballu A, Mathieu L (1999) Choice of functional specifications using graphs within the framework of education. Proceedings of 6th CIRP Seminar on Computer Aided Tolerancing ISBN 0-7923-5654-3, 197–206, Kluwer academic publisher

  20. Mokhtarian F, Mackworth AK (1992) A theory of multiscale, curvature-based shape representation for planar curves. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 14(8):789–805

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Gupta S, Turner JU (1993) Variational solid modeling for tolerance analysis. IEEE Comput Graphics Appl 13(3):64–74

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Huang W, Ceglarek D (2002) Mode-based decomposition of part form error by discrete-cosine-transform with implementation to assembly and stamping system with compliant parts. CIRP Ann 51:21–26

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. ISO 10110–5, Optics and optical instruments—preparation of drawings for optical elements and systems—Part 5: surface form tolerances, International Organization for Standardization, 1996

  24. Henke RP, Summerhays KD, Baldwin JM, Cassou RM, Brown CW (1999) Methods for evaluation of systematic geometric deviations in machined parts and their relationships to process variables. Precis Eng 23:273–292

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. ISO 1101 (1983) Technical drawings—geometrical tolerancing—tolerancing of form, orientation, location and run-out—generalities, definitions, symbols, indications on drawings, International Organization for Standardization

  26. Samper S, Formosa F (2007) Form defects tolerancing by natural modes analysis. J Comput Inf Sci Eng 7(1):44–51

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Huang Q-X, Wicke M, Adams B and Guibas L (2009) Shape decomposition using modal analysis, 28(2), Eurographics, 30 March-3 April, Munich, Germany

  28. Favreliere H (2009) Tolérancement modal, de la métrologie vers les spécifications, University of Savoie PhD thesis

  29. Greenwood J, Williamson J (1966) Contact of nominally flat surfaces. Proc R Soc London Ser A 295(1442):300–319

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Mathieu L, Villeneuve F (2010) Geometric tolerancing of products. ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc.

  31. Hyun S, Pei L, Molinari JF, Robbins MO (2004) Finite-element analysis of contact between elastic self-affine surfaces. Phys Rev E

  32. Pei L, Hyun S, Molinari JF, Robbins MO (2005) Finite-element modeling of elastoplastic contact between rough surfaces. J Mech Phys Solids

  33. Kadin Y, Kligerman Y, Etsion I (2006) Unloading an elastic–plastic contact of rough surfaces. J Mech Phys Solid 54(12):2652–2674

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Tabor D (1951) The hardness of metals. Clarendon Press, Oxford, UK

    Google Scholar 

  35. Ballu A, Jay A, Darnis P (2010) Experimental evaluation of convex difference surface for planar joint study. Idmme-Virtual Concept, Bordeaux

  36. Favreliere H, Samper S, Adragna P-A, Giordano M (2007) 3D statistical analysis and representation of form error by a modal approach, Computer Aided Tolerancing (CAT), Erlangen, Germany

  37. Adragna P-A, Samper S, Pillet M, Favreliere H (2006) Analysis of shape deviations of measured geometries with a modal basis. J Mach Eng: Manuf Accuracy Increasing Problems, Optimization 6(1):134–143

    Google Scholar 

  38. Ledoux Y, Lasseux D, Favreliere H, Samper S, Grandjean J (2011) On the dependence of static flat seal efficiency to surface defects. Int J Pres Ves Pip 88(11–12):518–529

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Y. Ledoux.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Grandjean, J., Ledoux, Y. & Samper, S. On the role of form defects in assemblies subject to local deformations and mechanical loads. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 65, 1769–1778 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-012-4298-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-012-4298-6

Keywords

Navigation