Abstract
To reduce the usage of grinding fluid, nanofluid has recently been applied to grinding process with minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) technique. In this study, surface grinding of hardened AISI 52100 steel under different spraying parameters was carried out. Grinding performance was investigated and compared in terms of grinding forces, surface roughness, and grinding temperature. Experimental results show that the MQL nozzle spraying direction has important effects on the application of the nanofluid mist, and then on the lubrication and cooling of the grinding zone. It is found that an optimal grinding performance can be obtained when the nozzle is positioned angularly toward the grinding wheel. Furthermore, it is shown that air pressure and spraying distance are also critical in order to enhance the nanofluid mist to be penetrated into the grinding zone. Grinding forces, surface roughness, and grinding temperature are decreased with the increase of air pressure, and grinding performance in shorter spraying distance is better than that in longer spraying distance. The influence mechanism of the spraying parameters on the grinding performance was discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Kompella S, Moylan SP, Chandrasekar S (2001) Mechanical properties of thin surface layers affected by material removal processes. Surf Coat Technol 146–147:384–390
Mao C, Zhou ZX, Zhang J, Huang XM, Du DY (2011) An experimental investigation of affected layers formed in grinding of AISI 52100 steel. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 54:515–523
Aurich JC, Herzenstiel P, Sudermann H, Magg T (2008) High-performance dry grinding using a grinding wheel with a defined grain pattern. CIRP Ann Manuf Technol 57:357–362
Malkin S, Guo C (2008) Grinding technology: theory and application of machining with abrasives. Industrial Press, New York
Weiner K, Inasaki I, Sutherland JW, Wakabayashi T (2004) Dry machining and minimum quantity lubrication. CIRP Ann Manuf Technol 53:511–537
Barczak LM, Batako ADL, Morgan MN (2010) A study of plane surface grinding under minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) condition. Int J Mach Tool Manuf 50:977–985
Silva LR, Bianchi EC, Fusse RY, Catai RE, Franca TV, Aguiar PR (2007) Analysis of surface integrity for minimum quantity lubricant-MQL in grinding. Int J Mach Tool Manuf 47:412–418
Silva LR, Bianchi EC, Catai RE, Fusse RY, Franca TV, Aguiar PR (2005) Study on the behavior of the minimum quantity lubricant-MQL technique under different lubricating and cooling conditions when grinding ABNT 4340 steel. J Braz Soc Mech Sci Eng 200:192–199
Hafenbraedl D, Malkin S (2000) Environmentally-conscious minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) for internal cylindrical grinding. Trans NAMRI/SME 28:149–154
Sanchez JA, Pombo I, Alberdi R, Izquierdo B, Ortega N, Plaza S, Toledano JM (2010) Machining evaluation of a hybid MQL-CO2 grinding technology. J Clean Prod 18:1840–1849
Tawakoli T, Hadad MJ, Sadeghi MH (2010) Influence of oil mist parameters on minimum quantity lubrication-MQL grinding process. Int J Mach Tool Manuf 50:521–531
Tawakoli T, Hadad MJ, Sadeghi MH, Daneshi A, Stöckert S, Rasifard A (2009) An experimental investigation of the effects of workpiece and grinding parameters on minimum quantity lubrication-MQL grinding. Int J Mach Tool Manuf 49:924–932
Alves JAC, Fernandes UB, Junior CES, Bianchi EC, Aguiar PR (2009) Application of the minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) technique in the plunge cylindrical grinding operation. J Braz Soc Mech Sci Eng XXXI:1–4
Ding YL, Wen DS (2005) Particle migration in a flow of nanoparticle suspensions. Powder Technol 149:84–92
Sankar N, Mathew N, Sobhan CB (2008) Molecular dynamics modeling of thermal conductivity enhancement in metal nanoparticle suspensions. Int Commun Heat Mass Transfer 35:867–872
Wu JH, Phillips BS, Jiang W, Sanders JH, Zabinski JS, Malshe AP (2006) Bio-inspired surface engineering and tribology of MoS2 overcoated CBN-TiN composite coating. Wear 261:592–599
Shen B, Shih AJ, Tung SC (2008) Application of nanofluids in minimum quantity lubrication grinding. Tribol Trans 51:730–737
Shen B, Malshe AP, Kalita P, Shih AJ (2008) Performance of novel MoS2 nanoparticles based grinding fluids in minimum quantity lubrication grinding. Trans NAMRI/SME 36:357–364
Sridharan U, Malkin S (2009) Effect of minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) with nanofluid on grinding behavior and thermal distortion. Trans NAMRI/SME 37:629–636
Kalita P, Malshe AP, Jiang W, Shih AJ (2010) Tribological study of nano lubricant integrated soybean oil for minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) grinding. Trans NAMRI/SME 38:137–144
Lee P, Nam TS, Li C, Lee SW (2010) Environmentally-friendly nano-fluid minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) meso-scale grinding process using nano-diamond particles. Proceedings of the International Conference on Manufacturing Automation, Hong Kong, pp 44–49
Ebbrell S, Woolley NH, Tridimas YD, Allanson DR, Rowe WB (2000) The effects of cutting fluid application methods on the grinding process. Int J Mach Tool Manuf 40:209–223
Akiyama T, Shibata J, Yonetsu S (1984) Behaviour of grinding fluid in the gap of the contact area between a grinding wheel and workpiece. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Production Engineering, Tokyo, pp 52–57
Schmidt J, Boye H (2001) Influence of velocity and size of the droplets on the heat transfer in spray cooling. Chem Eng Technol 24(3):255–260
An QL, Fu YC, Xu JH, Xu HJ (2006) The cooling effects of cryogenic pneumatic mist jet impinging in grinding of titanium alloy. Key Eng Mater 305:575–578
Mundo C, Sommerfeld M, Tropea C (1995) Droplet-wall collisions: experimental studies of the deformation and breakup process. Int J Multiphase Flow 21(2):151–173
Carsten B (2006) mixture formation in internal combustion engines. Springer, Berlin
Kamata K, Obikawa T, Shinozuka J (2004) Analysis of mist flow in MQL grinding. Key Eng Mater 227–258:339–344
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mao, C., Zou, H., Huang, X. et al. The influence of spraying parameters on grinding performance for nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 64, 1791–1799 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-012-4143-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-012-4143-y