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The Matsudai Knee Osteoarthritis Survey showed the longitudinal changes of knee phenotypes in alignment and structure during 23–28 years

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Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy Aims and scope

Abstract

Purpose

The longitudinal changes in alignment and structure, including the joint line and cortical bone thickness (CBT) of the femur and tibia, and knee phenotype in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) remain unknown. The aim of this retrospective study was to clarify the longitudinal changes in matched healthy subjects.

Methods

The follow-up Matsudai Knee Osteoarthritis Survey was administered between 23 and 28 years. This study included 285 healthy knees from 235 females with an average age of 53 ± 6 years at baseline. The non-OA individuals, with an average age of 79 ± 4 years, were divided into three groups at baseline according to their follow-up radiographic results [the non-OA (n = 52), early OA (n = 131), and advanced OA groups (n = 102)]. Changes in alignment, joint line, CBT, and knee phenotype were assessed at baseline and at follow-up using standing anteroposterior radiographs.

Results

This study showed significant varus changes in the alignment (p < 0.001) and tibial and femoral joint line parameters (p < 0.05) in the OA group. Decreased CBT and increased mediolateral CBT ratios were observed in all groups (p < 0.001). The knee phenotypes in the OA groups were changed to varus angles, especially in the alignment and tibial joint line.

Conclusions

The longitudinal changes of knee phenotypes in alignment and structure (CBT and joint line) from baseline to follow-up were shown in the OA groups. In addition, alignment and tibial structural factors at baseline are useful in predicting the incidence of knee OA in daily practice.

Levels of evidence

III.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank all staff of the Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata Medical Center and Niigata Institute for Health and Sports Medicine. The authors would like to thank Drs. Sato T, Higano Y, Watanabe S, Yamamoto N, Tanabe Y, Sakamoto M, Kobayashi K. The authors would like to thank staff of ALCARE Co, Ltd., students of the Mechanical Engineering, Niigata University, citizens of Matsudai district.

Funding

This work was supported by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare in Japan, grant numbers H20-316 Chouju-009; the grant-in-aid for young scientific research of Japan Research of Japan Society for the promotion science, grant numbers 19K18537 and 19K09610.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-Dori Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan

    Yasuyuki Tomiyama, Tomoharu Mochizuki, Osamu Tanifuji, Naoto Endo & Hiroyuki Kawashima

  2. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Niigata Rehabilitation Hospital, Niigata, Japan

    Yasuyuki Tomiyama

  3. Division of Musculoskeletal Science for Frailty, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan

    Hiroshi Koga

  4. Department of Health and Sports, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan

    Go Omori

  5. Ninohji Onsen Clinic, Niigata, Japan

    Yoshio Koga

  6. Niigata Institute for Health and Sports Medicine, Niigata, Japan

    Katsutoshi Nishino

  7. Department of Health & Nutrition, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan

    Kazuo Endo

  8. Deputy Hospital Director, orthopedic department, Tsubame Rosai Hospital, Niigata, Japan

    Naoto Endo

Authors
  1. Yasuyuki Tomiyama
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  2. Tomoharu Mochizuki
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  3. Hiroshi Koga
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  4. Go Omori
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  5. Yoshio Koga
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  6. Osamu Tanifuji
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  7. Katsutoshi Nishino
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  8. Kazuo Endo
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  9. Naoto Endo
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  10. Hiroyuki Kawashima
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tomoharu Mochizuki.

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Tomiyama, Y., Mochizuki, T., Koga, H. et al. The Matsudai Knee Osteoarthritis Survey showed the longitudinal changes of knee phenotypes in alignment and structure during 23–28 years. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 31, 5034–5047 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-023-07554-1

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