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Inpatient admission following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is associated with higher postoperative complications

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Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy Aims and scope

Abstract

Purpose

To compare the occurrence of short-term postoperative complications between inpatient and outpatient anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Methods

The ACS National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database was utilized to identify patients undergoing arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) from 2007 to 2017. A total of 18,052 patients were available for analysis following application of exclusion criteria. Patients were categorized based on location of surgery. Inpatients and outpatient ACLR groups were matched by demographics and preoperative laboratory values and differences in 30-day complication rates following surgery were assessed. Significance was set with alpha < 0.05.

Results

From 2007 to 2017, there was an increasing frequency for outpatient ACLR (p < 0.001), while the incidence of inpatient ACLR remained largely constant (n.s). Groups were matched to include 1818 patients in each cohort. Within the first 30 days of surgery, patients in the inpatient ACLR group experienced significantly greater rates of superficial incisional SSI (0.6% vs 0.1%, p = 0.026) and composite surgical complications (0.6% vs 0.2%, p = 0.019), as well as a greater rate of reoperation (0.7% vs 0.2%, p = 0.029). Inpatient procedures also demonstrated a greater rate of deep surgical incisional SSI (0.2% vs 0.0%, n.s) and readmission to hospital (0.8% vs 0.7%, n.s).Outpatient ACLR procedures were also associated with a significantly greater relative value unit (RVU)/h compared with inpatient ACLRs (0.17 vs 0.14, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Inpatient ACLR may have an increased risk of postoperative complications compared to outpatient ACLR during the short-term postoperative period. Although some patients may require admission post-operatively for medical and/or pain management, doing so is not necessarily without a degree of risk.

Level of evidence

III.

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Funding

There was no outside source of funding utilized for this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

    Yining Lu

  2. Division of Sports Medicine, Midwest Orthopaedics At Rush, RushUniversityMedicalCenter, 1611 W Harrison St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA

    Ophelie Lavoie-Gagne, Bhavik H. Patel & Brian Forsythe

  3. Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA

    Zain Khazi

  4. McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Randhir Mascarenhas

Authors
  1. Yining Lu
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  2. Ophelie Lavoie-Gagne
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  3. Zain Khazi
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  4. Bhavik H. Patel
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  5. Randhir Mascarenhas
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  6. Brian Forsythe
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Correspondence to Brian Forsythe.

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This was an IRB exempt study due to the use of deidentified data from a national outcomes database.

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Lu, Y., Lavoie-Gagne, O., Khazi, Z. et al. Inpatient admission following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is associated with higher postoperative complications. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 28, 2486–2493 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-020-06094-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-020-06094-2

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