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Preoperative latent medial laxity and correction angle are crucial factors for overcorrection in medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy

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Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy Aims and scope

Abstract

Purpose

This study aimed to determine which preoperative factors affect the postoperative change in the joint line convergence angle (JLCA) by preoperatively quantifying soft tissue laxity.

Methods

Thirty-four patients who underwent medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) with a navigation were analysed. The JLCA change after HTO was calculated using standing long-bone anteroposterior radiographs taken preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. Latent soft tissue laxity was defined as the amount of soft tissue that can be extended to valgus or varus from the weight-bearing position, and calculated by subtracting the JLCA on weight-bearing standing radiographs from that on stress radiographs. Multiple linear regression was performed to determine the preoperative factors that statistically correlated with the postoperative JLCA change.

Results

In multiple linear regression, JLCA change had a statistically significant correlation with latent medial laxity (R = 0.6) and a statistically borderline significant correlation with correction angle (R = 0.2). These imply that the postoperative JLCA change increased by 0.6° per 1° increase in latent medial laxity, and increased by 0.2° per 1° increase in correction angle. Latent medial laxity was the most crucial factor associated with postoperative JLCA changes.

Conclusion

The JLCA change could be larger in patients with large latent medial laxity or severe varus deformity requiring a large correction, which could lead to unexpected overcorrection in HTO. Postoperative JLCA change should be considered in preoperative surgical planning. Target point shifting within the hypomochlion point could be a strategy to prevent overcorrection, especially in patients with large latent medial laxity.

Level of evidence

Level IV.

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Acknowledgements

We appreciate Dae-Hee Lee for his effort in providing medical advice in this study.

Funding

This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (NRF-2017R1A2B3007362).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea

    Do kyung Lee, Yougun Won & Young Ki Min

  2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea

    Joon Ho Wang

  3. Department of Health Sciences and Technology and Department of Medical Device Management and Research, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea

    Joon Ho Wang

  4. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Konkuk University Hospital, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea

    Sagar Jaiswal

  5. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gachon University, Gil Medical Center, Incheon, South Korea

    Byung Hoon Lee

  6. Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Konyang University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea

    Jong-Yeup Kim

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  1. Do kyung Lee
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Correspondence to Joon Ho Wang.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest in the authorship and publication of this contribution.

Ethical approval

Ethical approval for the present study was obtained from the institutional review board of Samsung Medical Center (Study no. 2016-07-114-001)

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Lee, D.k., Wang, J.H., Won, Y. et al. Preoperative latent medial laxity and correction angle are crucial factors for overcorrection in medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 28, 1411–1418 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-019-05502-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-019-05502-6

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