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Native rotational knee kinematics is restored after lateral UKA but not after medial UKA

  • Knee
  • Published:
Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy Aims and scope

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was to compare the intraoperative kinematics of medial and lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) with those of the native knee using a navigation system.

Methods

Six fresh-frozen cadaveric knees were included in the study. Medial UKA was performed in all right knees and lateral UKA was performed in all left knees. All UKA procedures were performed with a computerised navigation system. The tibial internal rotation angle and coronal alignment of the mechanical axis during passive knee flexion were assessed as rotational and varus/valgus kinematics before and after surgery using the navigation system.

Results

The rotation angles of the tibia in the early flexion phase of medial UKA were significantly larger than those of native knees (p = 0.008 at minimum knee flexion, p = 0.008 at 0° knee flexion). The rotational kinematics of lateral UKA was similar to those of the native knees throughout knee flexion. There were no significant differences in varus/valgus kinematics between native and UKA knees.

Conclusion

The rotational kinematics of the native knee was not restored after medial UKA but was preserved after lateral UKA. There were no significant differences in the varus/valgus kinematics after either medial or lateral UKA when compared with those of the native knees. Thus, the geometry of the medial tibial articular surface is a determinant of the ability to restore the rotational kinematics of the native knee. Surgeons and implant designers should be aware that the anatomical medial articular geometry is an important factor in restoration of the native knee kinematics after knee arthroplasty.

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Abbreviations

TKA:

Total knee arthroplasty

UKA:

Unicompartmental arthroplasty

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Funding

No funding has been received for this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan

    Keizo Wada, Daisuke Hamada, Tomoya Takasago, Tomohiro Goto, Ichiro Tonogai & Koichi Sairyo

  2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yoshinogawa Medical Center, 132-113 Kamojima Chiejima, Yoshinogawa, Tokushima, 776-0014, Japan

    Akihiro Nitta

  3. Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan

    Yoshihiro Tsuruo

Authors
  1. Keizo Wada
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  2. Daisuke Hamada
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  3. Tomoya Takasago
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  4. Akihiro Nitta
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  5. Tomohiro Goto
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  6. Ichiro Tonogai
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  7. Yoshihiro Tsuruo
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  8. Koichi Sairyo
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Contributions

KW carried out the kinematic measurements, performed the statistical analysis, and drafted the manuscript. DH participated in the design of the study and performed the UKA surgery. TT and AN assisted with the UKA surgery. IT and YT helped to coordinate the study. TG and KS helped to draft the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Daisuke Hamada.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethical approval

All performed procedures were approved by the institutional review board of Tokushima University Hospital (the ID number of approval was 2068-1) and done in accordance with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments for comparable ethical standards.

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Wada, K., Hamada, D., Takasago, T. et al. Native rotational knee kinematics is restored after lateral UKA but not after medial UKA. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 26, 3438–3443 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-018-4919-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-018-4919-1

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