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The evaluation of muscle recovery after anatomical single-bundle ACL reconstruction using a quadriceps autograft

  • Knee
  • Published:
Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy Aims and scope

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to reveal the degree of muscle recovery and report the clinical results of anatomical single-bundle ACL reconstruction using a quadriceps autograft.

Methods

Twenty subjects undergoing anatomical single-bundle ACL reconstruction using a quadriceps autograft were included in this study. A 5-mm-wide, 8-cm-long graft, involving the entire layer of the quadriceps tendon, was harvested without bone block. The average graft diameter was 8.1 ± 1.4 mm. An initial tension of 30 N was applied. The femoral tunnel was created from the far-medial portal. Each femoral and tibial tunnel was created close to the antero-medial bundle insertion site. For the evaluation of muscle recovery (quadriceps and hamstring), a handheld dynamometer was used. The evaluation of muscle recovery was performed pre-operatively, and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after surgery. Muscle recovery data were calculated as a percentage of leg strength in the non-operated leg. Anterior tibial translation (ATT), pivot shift test, and IKDC score were evaluated.

Results

The average quadriceps strength pre-operatively, and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after ACL reconstruction was 90.5 ± 19, 67.8 ± 21.4, 84 ± 17.5, and 85.1 ± 12.6 %, respectively. The average hamstring strength pre-operatively, and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after ACL reconstruction was 99.5 ± 13.7, 78.7 ± 11.4, 90.5 ± 19, and 96.7 ± 13.8 %, respectively. ATT pre-operatively and at 12 months after surgery was 5.4 ± 1.3 and 1.0 ± 0.8 mm, respectively. No subjects exhibited positive pivot shift after surgery. Within 6 months following surgery, quadriceps hypotrophy was observed in all subjects. However, the hypotrophy had recovered at 12 months following surgery. No subjects complained of donor site pain after surgery.

Conclusion

Anatomical single-bundle ACL reconstruction using a quadriceps autograft resulted in equivalent level of muscle recovery and knee stability when compared with previously reported ACL reconstruction using hamstrings tendon with no donor site complications.

Level of evidence

Case controlled study, Level III.

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Abbreviations

ACL:

Anterior cruciate ligament

AM:

Antero-medial bundle

PL:

Postero-lateral bundle

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kamimoku Hot Springs Hospital, Minakami, Japan

    Takanori Iriuchishima & Tatsumasa Okano

  2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Keinosuke Ryu & Makoto Suruga

  3. Departments of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Shin Aizawa

  4. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburg, PA, USA

    Freddie H. Fu

Authors
  1. Takanori Iriuchishima
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  2. Keinosuke Ryu
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  3. Tatsumasa Okano
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  4. Makoto Suruga
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  5. Shin Aizawa
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  6. Freddie H. Fu
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Correspondence to Takanori Iriuchishima.

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Iriuchishima, T., Ryu, K., Okano, T. et al. The evaluation of muscle recovery after anatomical single-bundle ACL reconstruction using a quadriceps autograft. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 25, 1449–1453 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-016-4124-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-016-4124-z

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