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Effect of trabeculae and papillary muscles on the hemodynamics of the left ventricle

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Abstract

The impact of surface trabeculae and papillary muscles on the hemodynamics of the left ventricle (LV) is investigated using numerical simulations. Simulations of ventricular flow are conducted for two different models of the LV derived from high-resolution cardiac computed tomography (CT) scans using an immersed boundary method-based flow solver. One model comprises a trabeculated left ventricle (TLV) that includes both trabeculae and papillary muscles, while the second model has a smooth left ventricle that is devoid of any of these surface features. Results indicate that the trabeculae and papillary muscles significantly disrupt the vortices that develop during early filling in the TLV model. Large recirculation zones are found to form in the wake of the papillary muscles; these zones enhance the blockage provided by the papillary muscles and create a path for the mitral jet to penetrate deeper into the ventricular apex during diastole. During systole, the trabeculae enhance the apical washout by ‘squeezing’ the flow from the apical region. Finally, the trabeculae enhance viscous dissipation rate of the ventricular flow, but this effect is not significant in the overall power budget.

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Abbreviations

TLV:

Trabeculated left ventricle

SLV:

Smooth left ventricle

Q :

Flow rate prescribed to the simulation

ΔV :

Change in ventricular volume (ml)

T c :

Cardiac cycle time (s)

Re:

Reynolds number

Wo:

Womersley number

F E :

Vortex formation number (E-wave)

EF:

Ejection fraction

SV:

Stroke volume

EDV:

End-diastolic volume

U m :

Peak area-averaged velocity through the mitral annulus

D MO :

Diameter of the mitral orifice

A MO :

Area of mitral orifice

p :

Fluid dynamical pressure

u :

Fluid velocity vector field

\({{\omega}}\) :

Out-of-plane vorticity vector field defined as the curl of velocity

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA

    Vijay Vedula, Jung-Hee Seo & Rajat Mittal

  2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA

    Albert C. Lardo

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  1. Vijay Vedula
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  2. Jung-Hee Seo
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  3. Albert C. Lardo
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  4. Rajat Mittal
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Correspondence to Rajat Mittal.

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Communicated by Jeff D. Eldredge.

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Vedula, V., Seo, JH., Lardo, A.C. et al. Effect of trabeculae and papillary muscles on the hemodynamics of the left ventricle. Theor. Comput. Fluid Dyn. 30, 3–21 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00162-015-0349-6

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