Abstract.
We prove that it is not possible to define an appropriate notion of rank in set theories without the axiom of foundation.
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Received: 8 February 1996
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Marshall, M., Schwarze, M. Rank in set theory without foundation. Arch Math Logic 38, 387–393 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1007/s001530050133
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s001530050133