Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Haemophilus influenzae infection of a prosthetic knee joint in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis

A case report

Haemophilus-influenzae-Infektion eines Prothesenkniegelenks bei einem Patienten mit rheumatoider Arthritis

Ein Fallbericht

  • Kasuistiken
  • Published:
Die Orthopädie Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A 60-year-old female was admitted to internal medicine with a painful left knee after a fall and pneumonia. She had undergone a primary cemented left total knee arthroplasty in 2019 and a right cemented total knee arthroplasty in 2021. She had also a history of rheumatoid arthritis treated with steroids and a Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) inhibitor (upadacitinib). On admission intravenous antibiotic therapy was started for the treatment of pneumonia (piperacillin/tazobactam). Because of the persistent left knee pain, a knee puncture was carried out and confirmed a periprosthetic infection. A peripheral blood culture taken on admission day showed Haemophilus influenzae. She underwent a knee arthrotomy with debridement, irrigation, explantation of the knee prosthesis and spacer placement. Intraoperative cultures showed Haemophilus influenzae. The isolate was identified as a nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae strain by the reference laboratory. Haemophilus influenzae strains rarely cause invasive diseases. Rheumatoid arthritis with immunosuppressive therapy may have predisposed this patient to severe invasive disease. The clinical presentation of an infection may differ markedly in patients with rheumatoid arthritis from that in patients without rheumatoid arthritis or immunosuppression.

Zusammenfassung

Eine 60-jährige Frau wurde mit einem schmerzhaften linken Knie nach einem Sturz und einer Lungenentzündung in die Innere Medizin eingeliefert. Sie hatte 2019 eine primäre zementierte linke Knie-Totalendoprothese und 2021 eine zementierte rechte Knietotalendoprothese erhalten. Außerdem hatte sie eine rheumatoide Arthritis, die mit Steroiden und einem JAK1-Inhibitor (upadacitinib) behandelt wurde. Bei der Aufnahme wurde mit einer intravenösen Antibiotikatherapie zur Behandlung einer Lungenentzündung begonnen (Piperacillin/Tazobactam). Aufgrund der anhaltenden Schmerzen im linken Knie wurde eine Kniepunktion durchgeführt, die eine periprothetische Infektion bestätigte. Eine am Aufnahmetag entnommene periphere Blutkultur wies Haemophilus influenzae nach. Die Patientin unterzog sich einer Kniearthrotomie mit Débridement, Spülung, Explantation der Knieprothese und Einsetzen eines Spacers. Intraoperative Kulturen zeigten Haemophilus influenzae. Das Isolat wurde vom Referenzlabor als „nontypeable“ Haemophilus-influenzae-Stamm identifiziert. Haemophilus-influenzae-Stämme verursachen selten invasive Erkrankungen. Die rheumatoide Arthritis mit immunsuppressiver Therapie könnte unsere Patientin für eine schwere invasive Erkrankung prädisponiert haben. Das klinische Bild einer Infektion kann sich bei Patienten mit rheumatoider Arthritis deutlich von demjenigen bei Patienten ohne rheumatoide Arthritis oder Immunsuppression unterscheiden.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Abbreviations

CNS :

Coagulase-negative Staphylococci

CPK:

Creatine phosphokinase

CRP:

C reactive protein

DAIR:

Debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention

EPRD:

Endoprothesenregister Deutschland

ESR:

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate

GN:

Gram negative

GP:

Gram positive

Hb:

Haemoglobin

Hi :

Haemophilus influenzae

HZ:

Herpes zoster

IV:

Intravenously

JAK:

Janus kinase

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

MTX:

Methotrexate

NTHi :

Non-typable strain Haemophilus influenzae

PCT:

Procalcitonin

PJI:

Prosthetic joint infection

PMN:

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils

RA:

Rheumatoid arthritis

ROM:

Range of motion

STIR:

Short tau inversion recovery

TKA:

Total knee arthroplasty

TNF:

Tumor necrosis factor

WBC:

White blood cell count

References

  1. Fussi J, Perka C, Renner L (2016) Periprosthetic infections in patients with rheumatism: A challenge. Z Rheumatol 75(10):987–992. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-016-0204-1

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Grimberg A, Lützner J, Melsheimer O, Morlock M, Steinbrück A (2023) The German arthroplasty registry: Annual report 2022. http://www.eprd.de. Accessed January 2023; https://doi.org/10.36186/reporteprd062022

  3. Khan S, Reddy S (2013) Haemophilus influenzae infection of a prosthetic knee joint in a patient with CLL: a vaccine preventable disease. BMJ Case Rep. https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2013-010307

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Osmanski-Zenk K, Klinder A, Rimke C, Wirtz DC, Lohmann CH, Haas H, Kladny B, Mittelmeier W (2021) Evaluation of the standard procedure for treatment of periprosthetic joint infections of total knee and hip arthroplasty: a comparison of the 2015 and 2020 census in total joint replacement centres in Germany. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 22(1):791. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04661-3

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. Tande AJ, Patel R (2014) Prosthetic joint infection. Clin Microbiol Rev 27(2):302–345. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00111-13

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  6. Bezwada HP, Nazarian DG, Booth RE Jr. (2002) Haemophilus influenza infection complicating a total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop Relat Res 402:202–205. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003086-200209000-00019

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Slack MPE (2015) A review of the role of Haemophilus influenzae in community-acquired pneumonia. Pneumonia 6:26–43. https://doi.org/10.15172/pneu.2015.6/520

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Khattak ZE, Anjum F (2022) Haemophilus Influenzae. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island

    Google Scholar 

  9. Avci AB, Feist E, Burmester GR (2021) The role of upadacitinib in the treatment of moderate-to-severe active rheumatoid arthritis. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis. https://doi.org/10.1177/1759720X211047662

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. Danese S, Vermeire S, Zhou W, Pangan AL, Siffledeen J, Greenbloom S, Hébuterne X, D’Haens G, Nakase H, Panés J, Higgins PDR, Juillerat P, Lindsay JO, Loftus EV Jr, Sandborn WJ, Reinisch W, Chen MH, Sanchez Gonzalez Y, Huang B, Xie W, Liu J, Weinreich MA, Panaccione R (2022) Upadacitinib as induction and maintenance therapy for moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis: results from three phase 3, multicentre, double-blind, randomised trials. Lancet 399(10341):2113–2128. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00581-5

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Stefan Weenders MD.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

S. Weenders, K.-D. Heller and D.R. Krueger declare that they have no competing interests.

For this article no studies with human participants or animals were performed by any of the authors. All studies mentioned were in accordance with the ethical standards indicated in each case. For images or other information within the manuscript which identify the patient, consent was obtained from the patient.

Additional information

figure qr

Scan QR code & read article online

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Weenders, S., Heller, KD. & Krueger, D.R. Haemophilus influenzae infection of a prosthetic knee joint in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. Orthopädie 52, 843–847 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-023-04415-0

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-023-04415-0

Keywords

Schlüsselwörter

Navigation