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Epidemiologie von HPV-Infektionen und sexuell übertragenen Infektionen bei jungen Frauen

Die WOLVES-Studie

Epidemiology of HPV infections and sexually transmitted infections in young women

The WOLVES-study

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Der Gynäkologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die WOLVES (Wolfsburg HPV Epidemiology Study)-Studie ist die erste populationsbasierte Langzeitbeobachtungsstudie in Deutschland zu HPV-assoziierten Erkrankungen in einem Normalkollektiv.

Material und Methoden

Alle Frauen der Geburtsjahrgänge 1983/84 und 1988/89, die beim Einwohnermeldeamt mit erstem Wohnsitz in Wolfsburg gemeldet waren, wurden zur Teilnahme eingeladen. Die Teilnehmerinnen beantworteten einen Fragebogen zu Vorerkrankungen, Sexualleben, sexuell übertragbaren Infektionen (STI) sowie Bildung und Sozialstatus. Es erfolgten eine gynäkologische Vorsorgeuntersuchung mit zytologischem Abstrich, HPV-Test und HPV-Genotypisierung. Bei Genitalwarzen oder auffälligen Abstrichen erfolgte eine Differenzialkolposkopie.

Ergebnisse

Insgesamt wurden bis 12/2014 1.672 Frauen eingeschlossen, das entspricht 44 % der Jahrgänge 1983/84 und 75 % der Jahrgänge 1988/89. Die HPV-Gesamtprävalenz lag bei 25,9 %, ohne signifikante Unterschiede zwischen den Gruppen. Die Anzahl der Sexualpartner korrelierte signifikant mit der Wahrscheinlichkeit einer HPV-Infektion. Bei 0,9 % wurden Genitalwarzen diagnostiziert, für 1983/84 Geborene lag das Risiko bis zum 27. Geburtstag bei 4,8 %. Bei 2,51 % aller Teilnehmerinnen wurden CIN2+ histologisch gesichert. HPV 16 zeigte die höchste Prävalenz (7,1 %) aller high-risk HPV-Typen, HPV 6 war der wichtigste low-risk HPV-Typ (1,8 %).

Diskussion

HPV-Infektionen sind in Deutschland bei jungen Frauen sehr häufig, die Last HPV-assoziierter Erkrankungen ist relevant, andere STI spielen eine vergleichsweise geringere Rolle.

Abstract

Background

WOLVES (Wolfsburg HPV epidemiology study) is the first long-term population-based cohort study of HPV-associated diseases in Germany.

Materials and methods

All women born either 1983/84 or 1988/89 with their primary residency in Wolfsburg were invited by letter to attend the study. Participants had to give written consent and completed a short standardized questionnaire about previous diseases, sex life, sexually transmitted infections (STI), education, and social status. Patients underwent a pelvic examination during which Pap smears and sample for HPV diagnostics were taken. In the instance of genital warts or abnormal smears, differential colposcopy was performed.

Results

A total of 1,672 women were included in the study up until December 2014, representing 44 % of the 1983/84 birth cohort and 75 % of the 1988/89 birth cohort. The overall HPV prevalence was 25.9 %, without significant differences between the two cohorts. The number of sexual partners correlated significantly with the risk of HPV infection. In 0.9 % of participants genital warts were diagnosed; the risk of genital warts in women born 1983/84 was 4.8 % until their 27th birthday. Of the participating women, 2.51 % had a histological CIN2+ diagnosis. Of all high-risk HPV types, HPV 16 had the highest prevalence (7.1 %); HPV 6 was the most important low-risk HPV type (1.8 %).

Discussion

HPV infections are very frequent among young women in Germany and the burden of HPV-associated diseases is relevant. Other STI are not as important.

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Correspondence to A. Luyten.

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A. Luyten, E. Grunwald, S. Strehlke und K.U. Petry geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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K. Friese, Oberaudorf

W. Mendling, Wuppertal

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Luyten, A., Grunwald, E., Strehlke, S. et al. Epidemiologie von HPV-Infektionen und sexuell übertragenen Infektionen bei jungen Frauen . Gynäkologe 48, 801–809 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-015-3782-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-015-3782-0

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