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Zukünftige Entwicklung des „ovarian tissue banking“

Future development of ovarian tissue banking

  • Leitthema
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Der Gynäkologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Um bei Patientinnen mit gonadotoxischen (Chemo-)Therapien die Ovarialfunktion zu erhalten, wurde das Verfahren der Kryokonservierung von Ovargewebe, auch „ovarian tissue banking“ genannt, entwickelt. Hierbei wird vor einer Chemotherapie Gewebe der Ovarien entnommen, kryokonserviert und nach Abschluss der gonadotoxischen Therapie bzw. Heilung der Patientin wieder autotransplantiert. Dieses Verfahren gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung, v. a. da hier durch Rücktransplantation nicht nur Schwangerschaften ermöglicht werden können, sondern auch die verlorene, endokrine Funktion des Ovars wieder erneuert werden kann. Neben dem Einsatz bei Patientinnen mit gonadotoxischen Therapien wird dieses Verfahren in nicht allzu langer Zeit sicherlich analog zur Kryokonservierung von Eizellen im Sinne eines „social freezing“ angeboten werden. Besonders der Aspekt der endokrinen Funktionserneuerung könnte in diesem Zusammenhang einen entscheidenden Vorteil gegenüber der Oozytenkryokonservierung bieten. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die Geschichte sowie den derzeitigen Stand der Wissenschaft und beschreibt darüber hinaus mögliche zukünftige Entwicklungen.

Abstract

New and even more aggressive forms of chemotherapy have led to an increase in survival rates in patients with malignant diseases, especially in young adults and adolescents. However, the ovaries are very sensitive to chemotherapy and premature ovarian failure can occur after cytotoxic therapy. Ovarian cryopreservation and subsequent autotransplantation, also called ovarian tissue banking (OTB) is an option to enable young women to have children after the disease has been overcome. To date 25 pregnancies after autotransplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue have been published in the literature and this method should no longer be regarded as experimental but offered to all young women facing iatrogenic or induced premature ovarian failure. Besides young women undergoing cytotoxic therapy, OTB could also be used in cases of social freezing. This article reviews the history, current state of the art and future perspectives of OTB.

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Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien

Interessenkonflikt. M. Franz gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Der Beitrag enthält keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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  1. Praxis Dr. Maximilian Franz, Menzelstr. 4a, 81679, München, Deutschland

    M. Franz

  2. ReproMed im Ambulatorium Döbling, Heiligenstädterstr. 57–63, 1190, Wien, Österreich

    M. Franz

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Franz, M. Zukünftige Entwicklung des „ovarian tissue banking“. Gynäkologe 47, 238–243 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-013-3245-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-013-3245-4

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